Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/klawēn

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From *klawu (“claw”) +‎ *-ēn.^[1]

Verb

*klawēn

to scratch

Inflection

Class 3 weak
Infinitive	*klawēn
1st sg. past	*klaw?dā
Infinitive	*klawēn
Genitive infin.	*klawēnijas
Dative infin.	*klawēnijē
Instrum. infin.	*klawēniju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*klawē	*klaw?dā
2nd singular	*klawēs	klaw?dēs, klaw?dēs
3rd singular	*klawēþ	klaw?dē, klaw?dā
1st plural	*klawēm	*klaw?dum
2nd plural	*klawēþ	*klaw?dud
3rd plural	*klawēnþ	*klaw?dun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*klawē	*klaw?dī
2nd singular	*klawēs	*klaw?dī
3rd singular	*klawē	*klaw?dī
1st plural	*klawēm	*klaw?dīm
2nd plural	*klawēþ	*klaw?dīd
3rd plural	*klawēn	*klaw?dīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*klawē
Plural	*klawēþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*klawēndī	*klaw?d

Descendants

Later descendants seem to conflate this verb with *klauwjan.

Old English: clawian
- Middle English: clawen
  - English: claw
  - Scots: claw
Old Frisian: *klawia
- Saterland Frisian: klauje
- >? West Frisian: klauje (“to rake”)
Old Saxon: *clawōn
- Middle Low German: klâwen
  - German Low German: klauen
Old Dutch: *clouen
- Middle Dutch: clouwen
  - Dutch: klauwen
    - → West Frisian: klauwe
Old High German: klawēn, chlawēn
- Middle High German: *klauen
  - German: klauen

References

^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*klawō-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 292: “*klawēn-”

[1] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*klawō-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 292: “*klawēn-”

[1]