Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/knokōn

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *knukōną; equivalent to *knokō (“bone”) +‎ *-ōn.

Verb

*knokōn

To pound on; beat on; knock

Inflection

Class 2 weak
Infinitive	*knokōn
1st sg. past	*knokōdā
Infinitive	*knokōn
Genitive infin.	*knokōnijas
Dative infin.	*knokōnijē
Instrum. infin.	*knokōniju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*knokō	*knokōdā
2nd singular	*knokōs	knokōdēs, knokōdōs
3rd singular	*knokōþ	knokōdē, knokōdā
1st plural	*knokōm	*knokōdum
2nd plural	*knokōþ	*knokōdud
3rd plural	*knokōnþ	*knokōdun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*knokō	*knokōdī
2nd singular	*knokōs	*knokōdī
3rd singular	*knokō	*knokōdī
1st plural	*knokōm	*knokōdīm
2nd plural	*knokōþ	*knokōdīd
3rd plural	*knokōn	*knokōdīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*knokō
Plural	*knokōþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*knokōndī	*knokōd

Alternative reconstructions

*knukōn

Related terms

*knukil
*knukkjan
*knokō

Descendants

Old English: cnucian, cnocian
- Middle English: knokken, cnoken, knocke, knok, knoke, knokke, knokkyn
  - English: knock
    - → Dutch: knokken; nokken
  - Scots: knock, tnock, knack
  - Yola: knockt (preterite)
Old Saxon: *knokōn
- Middle Low German: *knoken
  - ⇒ Middle Low German: ûtknoken, ûtknōken
Old High German: *knohhōn, *knochōn
- Middle High German: knochen