Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kraftīg

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *kraftugaz, equivalent to *kraftu +‎ *-g. Cognate with Old Norse krǫptugr.

Adjective

*kraftīg

full of strength, powerful

Inflection

a-stem
Singular	Masculine
Nominative	*kraftīg
Genitive	*kraftīgas
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	*kraftīg	*kraftīgu	*kraftīg
Accusative	*kraftīganā	*kraftīgā	*kraftīg
Genitive	*kraftīgas	*kraftīgeʀā	*kraftīgas
Dative	*kraftīgumē	*kraftīgeʀē	*kraftīgumē
Instrumental	*kraftīgu	*kraftīgeʀu	*kraftīgu
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	*kraftīgē	*kraftīgō	*kraftīgu
Accusative	*kraftīgā	*kraftīgā	*kraftīgu
Genitive	*kraftīgeʀō	*kraftīgeʀō	*kraftīgeʀō
Dative	kraftīgēm, kraftīgum	kraftīgēm, kraftīgum	kraftīgēm, kraftīgum
Instrumental	kraftīgēm, kraftīgum	kraftīgēm, kraftīgum	kraftīgēm, kraftīgum

Alternative reconstructions

*kraftug, *kraftag

Descendants

Old English: cræfteg, cræftiġ
- Middle English: craftiȝ, crefti, crafti, crefty, crafty
  - English: crafty
  - Scots: crafty
Old Frisian: kreftich
- Saterland Frisian: kräftich, krääftig
- West Frisian: krêftich
Old Saxon: kraftag, kraftig
- Middle Low German: kraftich, kreftich, krachtich, krechtich
  - German Low German: krachtig, kräftig
Old Dutch: creftig, *craftig
- Middle Dutch: crachtich, crechtich, craftich
  - Dutch: krachtig
Old High German: kreftīg, *kreftag
- Middle High German: kreftic, kreftec
  - German: kräftig