Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/laþōn

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *laþōną.

Verb

*laþōn^[1]

to bid, summon; invite

Inflection

Class 2 weak
Infinitive	*laþōn
1st sg. past	*laþōdā
Infinitive	*laþōn
Genitive infin.	*laþōnijas
Dative infin.	*laþōnijē
Instrum. infin.	*laþōniju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*laþō	*laþōdā
2nd singular	*laþōs	laþōdēs, laþōdōs
3rd singular	*laþōþ	laþōdē, laþōdā
1st plural	*laþōm	*laþōdum
2nd plural	*laþōþ	*laþōdud
3rd plural	*laþōnþ	*laþōdun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*laþō	*laþōdī
2nd singular	*laþōs	*laþōdī
3rd singular	*laþō	*laþōdī
1st plural	*laþōm	*laþōdīm
2nd plural	*laþōþ	*laþōdīd
3rd plural	*laþōn	*laþōdīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*laþō
Plural	*laþōþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*laþōndī	*laþōd

Derived terms

*laþungu

Descendants

Old English: laþian
- Middle English: lathen
  - English: lathe, laith
Old Frisian: lathia, ladia
- Saterland Frisian: leede (in íenleede)
Old Saxon: lathon, laðon, laðian
- Middle Low German: lāden
  - Low German: laden
Old Dutch: lathon
- Middle Dutch: lāden
  - Dutch: laden
Old High German: ladōn
- Middle High German: laden
  - German: laden (chiefly einladen, vorladen) (fully conflated with *hlaþaną)

References

^ Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 190: “PWGmc *laþōn”

[1] Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 190: “PWGmc *laþōn”

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