Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/panning

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *panningaz.

Noun

*panning m

coin, penny

Inflection

Masculine a-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*panning
Genitive	*panningas
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*panning	panningō, panningōs
Accusative	*panning	*panningā
Genitive	*panningas	*panningō
Dative	*panningē	*panningum
Instrumental	*panningu	*panningum

Alternative reconstructions

*panding, *penning

Descendants

Old English: penning, pending, pæning, pening, pæniġ, peniġ
- Middle English: peny, pani, paniȝe, peni, penie, pening
  - English: penny, pence (see there for further descendants)
  - Scots: penny
- → Old Irish: pinginn, penginn (possibly from Old Norse)
  - Irish: pingin
- → Old Spanish:
  - Spanish: penique
Old Frisian: panning, penning, pennig
- Saterland Frisian: Pännich
- West Frisian: pinning
Old Saxon: penning, pennig
- Middle Low German: pennink
  - German Low German: Penning, Penn
Old Dutch: *penning
- Middle Dutch: penninc, pennich, pennig
  - Dutch: penning
  - Limburgish: penning
Old High German: pfending, pfanting, pfenting, pfenning; (Central German) penning
- Middle High German: pfennic, pfenninc; penninc
  - Central Franconian: Penning, Pennek
    - Luxembourgish: Pennek (obsolete)
  - German: Pfennig
    - → English: pfennig
    - → Luxembourgish: Fenneg