Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/sīkan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Perhaps ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *seykʷ- (“to pour out”); compare semantics of *sūftōn (“to sigh, lament”), from Proto-Indo-European *sewp- (“to pour out”).

Verb

*sīkan

  1. to sigh, take a deep breath
  2. to groan, complain, lament

Inflection

Strong class 1
Infinitive *sīkan
1st sg. past *saik
3rd pl. past *sikun
Past ptcple *sikan
Infinitive *sīkan
Genitive infin. *sīkannjas
Dative infin. *sīkannjē
Instrum. infin. *sīkannju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *sīku *saik
2nd singular *sīkiʀi *sikī
3rd singular *sīkidi *saik
1st plural *sīkum *sikum
2nd plural *sīkid *sikud
3rd plural *sīkand *sikun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *sīkē *sikī
2nd singular *sīkēs *sikī
3rd singular *sīkē *sikī
1st plural *sīkēm *sikīm
2nd plural *sīkēþ *sikīd
3rd plural *sīkēn *sikīn
Imperative Present
Singular *sīk
Plural *sīkid
Present Past
Participle *sīkandī *sikan

Descendants

  • Old English: sīcan, sȳcan
    • Middle English: siken, syken, sichen, sychen
      • English: sike (archaic, except northern England)
      • ⇒ Middle English: sighen, syghen, siʒhen
  • Old Dutch: *sīcan
    • Middle Dutch: *sîken
      • Dutch: zijken (dialectal)
      • ⇒ Middle Dutch: versîken
  • West Frisian: sykje

Further reading

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