Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/skāp

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *skēpą.

Noun

*skāp n^[1]

sheep

Inflection

Neuter a-stem
	Singular
Nominative	*skāp
Genitive	*skāpas
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*skāp	*skāpu
Accusative	*skāp	*skāpu
Genitive	*skāpas	*skāpō
Dative	*skāpē	*skāpum
Instrumental	*skāpu	*skāpum

Descendants

Old English: sċēap, *sċǣp, sċēp, sċāp, scīp
- Middle English: schep, scheep, schepe, sheep, shepe, ssep (Kent, Southern)
  - English: sheep (see there for further descendants)
  - Middle Scots: scheip, schap, scheep, schepe, schip
    - Scots: sheep
  - Yola: zheep, sheep
Old Frisian: skēp
- North Frisian:
  Föhr-Amrum: schep, schap
  Goesharde: schäip
  Helgoland: skēap
  Mooring: schäip
  Sylt: Sjip
  Wiedingharde: sees
- East Frisian:
  Harlingerland Frisian: schaip
  Saterland Frisian: Skäip, Schäip
  Wangerooge Frisian: schaip
  Wursten Frisian: schepp, scheep
- West Frisian: skiep
  Hindeloopen: skeep
  Schiermonnikoog: schiep
Old Saxon: skāp, scāp
- Middle Low German: schâp
  - Low German: Schaap, Schap
    - German Low German: Schaap, Schåp, Schoap, Schaop, Schoop, Schap, Schop
      Hamburgisch: Schaap
    - Westphalian:
      Ravensbergisch: Schåp
      Sauerländisch: Schōp
      Westmünsterländisch: Schaop
  - Plautdietsch: Schop
Old Dutch: skāp, scāp
- Middle Dutch: schâep
  - Dutch: schaap
    - Afrikaans: skaap
    - Berbice Creole Dutch: skapu
    - Jersey Dutch: sxâp
    - Negerhollands: skaap, skap
    - Sranan Tongo: skapu
      - Aukan: sikapu
      - Saramaccan: sikáfu, sikápu
    - → Lokono: sjikapoe, shikápo
    - → Warao: sikabo
Old High German: scāf
- Middle High German: schāf
  - Alemannic German: Schooff
    Swabian: Schoaf
  - Bavarian: Schåf
    Carinthian: Hap
  - East Central German:
    Upper Saxon German: Schåf
  - German: Schaf
    - → Alemannic German: Schaf
  - Hunsrik: Schof
  - Luxembourgish: Schof
  - Rhine Franconian: Schoof
    Palatine German: Schoof
    Pennsylvania German: Schof
  - Vilamovian: siöf
  - Yiddish: שאָף (shof)

References

^ Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 127: “*skāp”

[1] Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 127: “*skāp”

[1]