Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/skalk

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *skalkaz.

Noun

*skalk m

  1. servant, retainer

Inflection

Masculine a-stem
Singular
Nominative *skalk
Genitive *skalkas
Singular Plural
Nominative *skalk *skalkō, *skalkōs
Accusative *skalk *skalkā
Genitive *skalkas *skalkō
Dative *skalkē *skalkum
Instrumental *skalku *skalkum

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Old English: sċealc
    • Middle English: schalk, scalk, schalke, schalkke, shalk
      • English: shalk
      • Middle Scots: schalk, schak, schaik
  • Old Frisian: skalk
    • (West Frisian: ontschalken)
  • Old Saxon: skalk
    • Middle Low German: schalk (in compounds: erseschalk, marschalk, etc.)
  • Old Dutch: scalc
  • Old High German: skalk, scalc, scalk
    • Middle High German: schalc
      • German: Schalk
      • Luxembourgish: Schallek
    • → Italian: scalco (from Lombardic)
  • → Vulgar Latin: scalcus (in compounds)
    • Medieval Latin: scalcius, scalciatus
    • Old French: escalque
  • → Italian: scalco
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