Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/spehōn

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *spehōną.

Verb

*spehōn

to peer, look, spy

Inflection

Class 2 weak
Infinitive	*spehōn
1st sg. past	*spehōdā
Infinitive	*spehōn
Genitive infin.	*spehōnijas
Dative infin.	*spehōnijē
Instrum. infin.	*spehōniju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*spehō	*spehōdā
2nd singular	*spehōs	spehōdēs, spehōdōs
3rd singular	*spehōþ	spehōdē, spehōdā
1st plural	*spehōm	*spehōdum
2nd plural	*spehōþ	*spehōdud
3rd plural	*spehōnþ	*spehōdun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*spehō	*spehōdī
2nd singular	*spehōs	*spehōdī
3rd singular	*spehō	*spehōdī
1st plural	*spehōm	*spehōdīm
2nd plural	*spehōþ	*spehōdīd
3rd plural	*spehōn	*spehōdīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*spehō
Plural	*spehōþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*spehōndī	*spehōd

Derived terms

*spehō
*spehu

Descendants

Old Saxon: *spehōn
- Middle Low German: spēgen, spējen, spēen, spēn
  - → Old Norse: speja, spæja
    - Icelandic: speja, spæja
    - Norwegian: speide
    - Swedish: speja
    - Danish: spejde
Old Dutch: *spion
- Middle Dutch: spien, spieden
  - Dutch: spieden
Old High German: spehōn, spiohōn, *spihōn (attested in derivative spihāri (“spy”))
- Middle High German: spëhen, spēn, *spiehen (attested in derivative spieher (“spy”))
  - German: spähen
  - → Czech: špehovat
    - → Polish: szpiegować
→ Vulgar Latin: *spiō (see there for further descendants)