Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/stappjan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *stapjaną.

Verb

*stappjan^[1]

to step, to tread

Inflection

Strong class 6 j-present
Infinitive	*stappjan
1st sg. past	*stōp
3rd pl. past	*stōpun
Past ptcple	*stapan
Infinitive	*stappjan
Genitive infin.	*stappjannjas
Dative infin.	*stappjannjē
Instrum. infin.	*stappjannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*stappju	*stōp
2nd singular	*stapiʀi	*stōpī
3rd singular	*stapidi	*stōp
1st plural	*stappjum	*stōpum
2nd plural	*stapid	*stōpud
3rd plural	*stappjand	*stōpun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*stappjē	*stōpī
2nd singular	*stappjēs	*stōpī
3rd singular	*stappjē	*stōpī
1st plural	*stappjēm	*stōpīm
2nd plural	*stappjēþ	*stōpīd
3rd plural	*stappjēn	*stōpīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*stapi
Plural	*stapid
	Present	Past
Participle	*stappjandī	*stapan

Related terms

*stapōn

Descendants

Old English: stæppan, steppan
- Middle English: steppen, stappen
  - English: step
    - → Dutch: steppen
  - Scots: stap, stop, step
Old Frisian: steppa, stapa
- North Frisian: stape
- Saterland Frisian: stappe
- West Frisian: stappe
Old Saxon: steppian
- Middle Low German: stappen, stippen
  - German Low German: stappen
Old Dutch: *stappen, *steppen
- Middle Dutch: stappen
  - Dutch: stappen
    - Afrikaans: stap
Old High German: stepfen, stephen
- Middle High German: stepfen
  - German: stepfen (obsolete)

References

^ Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 127: “*stapʲpʲan”

[1] Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 127: “*stapʲpʲan”

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