Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/stekan
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *stikaną.
Verb
*stekan[1]
Inflection
| Strong class 4 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | *stekan | |
| 1st sg. past | *stak | |
| 3rd pl. past | *stākun | |
| Past ptcple | *stokan | |
| Infinitive | *stekan | |
| Genitive infin. | *stekannjas | |
| Dative infin. | *stekannjē | |
| Instrum. infin. | *stekannju | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *steku | *stak |
| 2nd singular | *stikiʀi | *stākī |
| 3rd singular | *stikidi | *stak |
| 1st plural | *stekum | *stākum |
| 2nd plural | *stikid | *stākud |
| 3rd plural | *stekand | *stākun |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *stekē | *stākī |
| 2nd singular | *stekēs | *stākī |
| 3rd singular | *stekē | *stākī |
| 1st plural | *stekēm | *stākīm |
| 2nd plural | *stekēþ | *stākīd |
| 3rd plural | *stekēn | *stākīn |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | *stik | |
| Plural | *stikid | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | *stekandī | *stokan |
| Strong class 5 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | *stekan | |
| 1st sg. past | *stak | |
| 3rd pl. past | *stākun | |
| Past ptcple | *stekan | |
| Infinitive | *stekan | |
| Genitive infin. | *stekannjas | |
| Dative infin. | *stekannjē | |
| Instrum. infin. | *stekannju | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *steku | *stak |
| 2nd singular | *stikiʀi | *stākī |
| 3rd singular | *stikidi | *stak |
| 1st plural | *stekum | *stākum |
| 2nd plural | *stikid | *stākud |
| 3rd plural | *stekand | *stākun |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *stekē | *stākī |
| 2nd singular | *stekēs | *stākī |
| 3rd singular | *stekē | *stākī |
| 1st plural | *stekēm | *stākīm |
| 2nd plural | *stekēþ | *stākīd |
| 3rd plural | *stekēn | *stākīn |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | *stik | |
| Plural | *stikid | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | *stekandī | *stekan |
Usage notes
- Originally belonging to strong class 1, the verb was reorganised as a class 5 verb in Old Frisian and class 4 strong verb in Old Dutch, Old Saxon, and Old High German.
Descendants
- Old Frisian: steka (class 5)
- West Frisian: stekke
- Old Saxon: stekan
- Old Dutch: *stecan
- Old High German: stëhhan, stëchan
References
- ^ Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 36: “PWGmc *stekan”