Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/sugu

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *sugō[1] or *suwō, derived from Proto-Indo-European *suH- (“pig, hog, swine”), with the West Germanic *-g- arising either:

  • along with the Germanic cognates Swedish sugga, Elfdalian sugga and Norwegian sugge (< Old Norse *suggva), from Proto-Indo-European *suH-kéh₂, with a (diminutive?) suffix similar to those in Proto-Celtic *sukkos and Proto-Indo-Iranian *suHkás,[1] but this does not easily explain the short root vowel (if a laryngeal is to be reconstructed) and North Germanic gemination;[2]
  • sporadically from *w between the high vowels *u (either already in Proto-Germanic from accusative *suwun, or in Proto-West Germanic *suwu), with the North Germanic cognates independently undergoing a parallel development via Holtzmann's law.[3]

Noun

*sugu f

  1. sow (female pig)
    Synonym: *sū

Inflection

ō-stem
Singular
Nominative *sugu
Genitive *sogā
Singular Plural
Nominative *sugu *sogō
Accusative *sogā *sogā
Genitive *sogā *sogō
Dative *sugē *sogōm, *sugum
Instrumental *sugu *sogōm, *sugum

Descendants

  • Old English: sugu
    • Middle English: sowe
  • Old Saxon: suga
  • Old Dutch: *soga

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Vladimir Orel (2003) “*suʒō”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 385
  2. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2011) “Neuniederländisch zeug ‚Sau‘ und spugen ‚speien‘: zwei Beispiele der westgermanischen Velarisierung? [Modern Dutch zeug ‘pig’ and spugen ‘spit’: two examples of West Germanic velarization?]”, in Amsterdamer Beiträge zur älteren Germanistik [Amsterdam Contributions to Older Germanic Studies] (in German), volume 67, Amsterdam: Rodopi N.V. Koninklijke Brill, →ISSN, section 3, pages 149–161
  3. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*sū-, *suw-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 490
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