Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/swārēn

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *swērāną. Equivalent to *swār (“heavy”) +‎ *-ēn.

Verb

*swārēn

  1. to be heavy
  2. to become heavy

Inflection

Class 3 weak
Infinitive *swārēn
1st sg. past *swār?dā
Infinitive *swārēn
Genitive infin. *swārēnijas
Dative infin. *swārēnijē
Instrum. infin. *swārēniju
Indicative Present Past
1st singular *swārē *swār?dā
2nd singular *swārēs *swār?dēs, *swār?dēs
3rd singular *swārēþ *swār?dē, *swār?dā
1st plural *swārēm *swār?dum
2nd plural *swārēþ *swār?dud
3rd plural *swārēnþ *swār?dun
Subjunctive Present Past
1st singular *swārē *swār?dī
2nd singular *swārēs *swār?dī
3rd singular *swārē *swār?dī
1st plural *swārēm *swār?dīm
2nd plural *swārēþ *swār?dīd
3rd plural *swārēn *swār?dīn
Imperative Present
Singular *swārē
Plural *swārēþ
Present Past
Participle *swārēndī *swār?d

Descendants

  • Old Frisian: swēria
    • West Frisian: swierje
  • Old Saxon: *swāron
  • Old Dutch: *swāron
    • Middle Dutch: swâren (merged with the descendant of *swārijan)
      • Dutch: zwaren (archaic)
  • Old High German: swārēn
    • Middle High German: swāren
    • ⇒ Old High German: anairswārēn
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