Reconstruction:Proto-Yeniseian/tajcVŋʷ

This Proto-Yeniseian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Yeniseian

Alternative reconstructions

  • *tʰeg, *tʰegam, *täk- (per Werner 2002)
  • *tʰagɯm, *tʰaɣum, *tʰekam (per Vajda-Werner 2022)
  • *taCuN (per Cologne group 2023. Pattern: t.2-?-?)

Etymology

Composed of *tajc (“fallen snow”) +‎ *-Vŋʷ (adjectival suffix), literally “snow-colored”.

Yug тигбес (tígbɛs, “white”, literally “snow-similar”) and Kott tikbača (“whitest, most white”, literally “snow-similar”), which are derived from the same Proto-Yeniseian root, reflect a parallel semantic shift of white < snow prevalent throughout the Yeniseian languages.

Adjective

*tajcVŋʷ

  1. white
Derived terms
  • *tajcVŋʷše (“rabbit”, literally “white-thing”)

Descendants

  • Ketic:
    • Imbak Ket: köenam, tegana, tagɨ́m, tagúm
      • Ket: тагым (táɣɨm)
  • Kottic:
    • Assan: tégama, tiekama
    • Kott: tégama, tekam, tekama, tʰêgam, tʰêkam
      • Kott: in(i)-ka-tekam-a (“It is white [there.]”) (Attested as a sentence.)
      • ⇒ Kott: tegameš (“sky”, literally “white-sky”)
  • Arinic:
    • Arin: tama, tamo, taːma, t'aːma (tʲaːma)
      • ⇒ Arin: berik-tam-tu (“She is very white[-skinned.]”) (Attested as a sentence.)
      • ⇒ Arin: taːmbagɨr (“brass”) (cf. Proto-Turkic *bakïr (“copper”))
      • ⇒ Arin: tamkorgolči (“tin”) (cf. Proto-Turkic *korguĺčïn (“lead”))[1]
      • ⇒ Arin: taːmouši (“reindeer”) (with obscure second element -ouši)[2]
  • Pumpokolic:
    • Pumpokol: támcho, támxo (Metathesized?)

See also

Colors in Proto-Yeniseian
     *tajcVŋʷ      *tuwVŋʷ      *çurVŋʷ              *çajVŋʷ

References

  1. ^ Khabtagaeva, Bayarma (2019) Language Contact in Siberia: Turkic, Mongolic, and Tungusic Loanwords in Yeniseian (The languages of Asia series; 19)‎[1], Brill, →ISBN, pages 35-36
  2. ^ Vajda, Edward, Werner, Heinrich (2022) “taːmouši”, in Comparative-Historical Yeniseian Dictionary (Languages of the World/Dictionaries; 79, 80), volume 2, Muenchen: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, page 855

Further reading

  • Bonmann, Svenja, Fries, Simon, Korobzow, Natalie, Günther, Laura, Hill, Eugen (2023) “'white'”, in “Towards a New Reconstruction of the Proto-Yeniseian Sound System. Part I: Word-Initial Consonants”, in International Journal of Eurasian Linguistics‎[2], number 5, Brill, →DOI, →ISSN, page 54 of 39-82
  • Bonmann, Svenja, Fries, Simon, Korobzow, Natalie, Günther, Laura, Hill, Eugen (2023) “t.2 (Table 28)”, in “Towards a New Reconstruction of the Proto-Yeniseian Sound System. Part I: Word-Initial Consonants”, in International Journal of Eurasian Linguistics‎[3], number 5, Brill, →DOI, →ISSN, page 70 of 39-82
  • Hill, Eugen, Fries, Simon, Korobzow, Natalie, Günther, Laura, Svenja, Bonmann (2024) “footnote d”, in “Towards a New Reconstruction of the Proto-Yeniseian Sound System. Part II: Word-Final Consonants”, in International Journal of Eurasian Linguistics‎[4], number 6, Brill, →DOI, →ISSN, page 266 of 216-293
  • Vajda, Edward, Werner, Heinrich (2022) “*tʰekam”, in Comparative-Historical Yeniseian Dictionary (Languages of the World/Dictionaries; 79, 80), Muenchen: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, page 873
  • Vajda, Edward (2024) “*tajc, *tajc-[]”, in The Languages and Linguistics of Northern Asia: Language Families (The World of Linguistics [WOL]; 10.1)‎[5], volume 1, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →DOI, →ISBN, page 415
  • Werner, Heinrich (2002) “táγɨm”, in Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der Jenissej-Sprachen, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 249
  • Werner, Heinrich (2005) “white”, in Die Jenissej-Sprachen des 18. Jahrhunderts, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 333
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