avilir
French
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /a.vi.liʁ/
Audio: (file)
Verb
avilir
- to demean, debase, degrade
- 2015 June, Virginie Despentes, Vernon Subutex, volume 2, Éditions Grasset, →ISBN:
- La plus salope était une bourge à particule, sa famille avait encore un château en ruines et elle aimait s'avilir dans les bars.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Conjugation
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of avilir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | avilir | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | avilissant /a.vi.li.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | avili /a.vi.li/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | avilis /a.vi.li/ |
avilis /a.vi.li/ |
avilit /a.vi.li/ |
avilissons /a.vi.li.sɔ̃/ |
avilissez /a.vi.li.se/ |
avilissent /a.vi.lis/ |
| imperfect | avilissais /a.vi.li.sɛ/ |
avilissais /a.vi.li.sɛ/ |
avilissait /a.vi.li.sɛ/ |
avilissions /a.vi.li.sjɔ̃/ |
avilissiez /a.vi.li.sje/ |
avilissaient /a.vi.li.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | avilis /a.vi.li/ |
avilis /a.vi.li/ |
avilit /a.vi.li/ |
avilîmes /a.vi.lim/ |
avilîtes /a.vi.lit/ |
avilirent /a.vi.liʁ/ | |
| future | avilirai /a.vi.li.ʁe/ |
aviliras /a.vi.li.ʁa/ |
avilira /a.vi.li.ʁa/ |
avilirons /a.vi.li.ʁɔ̃/ |
avilirez /a.vi.li.ʁe/ |
aviliront /a.vi.li.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | avilirais /a.vi.li.ʁɛ/ |
avilirais /a.vi.li.ʁɛ/ |
avilirait /a.vi.li.ʁɛ/ |
avilirions /a.vi.li.ʁjɔ̃/ |
aviliriez /a.vi.li.ʁje/ |
aviliraient /a.vi.li.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | avilisse /a.vi.lis/ |
avilisses /a.vi.lis/ |
avilisse /a.vi.lis/ |
avilissions /a.vi.li.sjɔ̃/ |
avilissiez /a.vi.li.sje/ |
avilissent /a.vi.lis/ |
| imperfect2 | avilisse /a.vi.lis/ |
avilisses /a.vi.lis/ |
avilît /a.vi.li/ |
avilissions /a.vi.li.sjɔ̃/ |
avilissiez /a.vi.li.sje/ |
avilissent /a.vi.lis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | avilis /a.vi.li/ |
— | avilissons /a.vi.li.sɔ̃/ |
avilissez /a.vi.li.se/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “avilir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.