cían

See also: Appendix:Variations of "cian"

Old Irish

FWOTD – 11 December 2021

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *keinos. The noun is a feminine substantivization of the adjective.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [kʲiːa̯n]

Adjective

cían

  1. far, distant
    Antonym: ocus
  2. long-lasting

For quotations using this term, see Citations:cían.

Declension

o/ā-stem
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative cían cían cían
vocative céin*
cían**
accusative cían céin
genitive céin céine céin
dative cían céin cían
plural masculine feminine/neuter
nominative céin cíana
vocative cíanu
cíana†
accusative cíanu
cíana†
genitive cían
dative cíanaib

*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative
**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative
† not when substantivized

Noun

cían f

  1. a long (period of) time

Declension

Feminine ā-stem
singular dual plural
nominative cíanL céinL cíanaH
vocative cíanL céinL cíanaH
accusative céinN céinL cíanaH
genitive céineH cíanL cíanN
dative céinL cíanaib cíanaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

  • cach la céin (“at one time”)
  • céin (“since”, conjunction)
  • íar céin (“after a while”)
  • in céin (“since”, conjunction)
  • in céin n-aili (“at another time”)
  • ó chéin (“from long ago”)

Descendants

  • Middle Irish: cían

Mutation

Mutation of cían
radical lenition nasalization
cían chían cían
pronounced with /ɡʲ-/

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

Spanish

Pronunciation

Verb

cían

  1. third-person plural present indicative of ciar
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