củng cố

See also: cứng cổ

Vietnamese

Etymology

Sino-Vietnamese word from 鞏固.

Pronunciation

  • (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [kʊwŋ͡m˧˩ ko˧˦]
  • (Huế) IPA(key): [kʊwŋ͡m˧˨ kow˨˩˦]
  • (Saigon) IPA(key): [kʊwŋ͡m˨˩˦ kow˦˥]

Verb

củng cố

  1. (transitive) to strengthen; to solidify; to consolidate; to fortify