chilizela
Zulu
Etymology
From -chiliza + -ela.
Verb
-chilizela?
- (transitive) to betray (be disloyal or unfaithful to)
Inflection
| positive | negative | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | ukuchilizela | ukungachilizeli | ||||
| imperative | ||||||
| simple | + object concord | |||||
| singular | chilizela | -chilizele | ||||
| plural | chilizelani | -chilizeleni | ||||
| present | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyachilizela, ngichilizela | engichilizelayo, engichilizela | ngichilizela | angichilizeli | engingachilizeli | ngingachilizeli |
| 2nd singular | uyachilizela, uchilizela | ochilizelayo, ochilizela | uchilizela | awuchilizeli | ongachilizeli | ungachilizeli |
| 1st plural | siyachilizela, sichilizela | esichilizelayo, esichilizela | sichilizela | asichilizeli | esingachilizeli | singachilizeli |
| 2nd plural | niyachilizela, nichilizela | enichilizelayo, enichilizela | nichilizela | anichilizeli | eningachilizeli | ningachilizeli |
| class 1 | uyachilizela, uchilizela | ochilizelayo, ochilizela | echilizela | akachilizeli | ongachilizeli | engachilizeli |
| class 2 | bayachilizela, bachilizela | abachilizelayo, abachilizela | bechilizela | abachilizeli | abangachilizeli | bengachilizeli |
| class 3 | uyachilizela, uchilizela | ochilizelayo, ochilizela | uchilizela | awuchilizeli | ongachilizeli | ungachilizeli |
| class 4 | iyachilizela, ichilizela | echilizelayo, echilizela | ichilizela | ayichilizeli | engachilizeli | ingachilizeli |
| class 5 | liyachilizela, lichilizela | elichilizelayo, elichilizela | lichilizela | alichilizeli | elingachilizeli | lingachilizeli |
| class 6 | ayachilizela, achilizela | achilizelayo, achilizela | echilizela | awachilizeli | angachilizeli | engachilizeli |
| class 7 | siyachilizela, sichilizela | esichilizelayo, esichilizela | sichilizela | asichilizeli | esingachilizeli | singachilizeli |
| class 8 | ziyachilizela, zichilizela | ezichilizelayo, ezichilizela | zichilizela | azichilizeli | ezingachilizeli | zingachilizeli |
| class 9 | iyachilizela, ichilizela | echilizelayo, echilizela | ichilizela | ayichilizeli | engachilizeli | ingachilizeli |
| class 10 | ziyachilizela, zichilizela | ezichilizelayo, ezichilizela | zichilizela | azichilizeli | ezingachilizeli | zingachilizeli |
| class 11 | luyachilizela, luchilizela | oluchilizelayo, oluchilizela | luchilizela | aluchilizeli | olungachilizeli | lungachilizeli |
| class 14 | buyachilizela, buchilizela | obuchilizelayo, obuchilizela | buchilizela | abuchilizeli | obungachilizeli | bungachilizeli |
| class 15 | kuyachilizela, kuchilizela | okuchilizelayo, okuchilizela | kuchilizela | akuchilizeli | okungachilizeli | kungachilizeli |
| class 17 | kuyachilizela, kuchilizela | okuchilizelayo, okuchilizela | kuchilizela | akuchilizeli | okungachilizeli | kungachilizeli |
| recent past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngichilizelile, ngichilizelē | engichilizelile, engichilizelē | ngichilizelile, ngichilizelē | angichilizelanga | engingachilizelanga | ngingachilizelanga |
| 2nd singular | uchilizelile, uchilizelē | ochilizelile, ochilizelē | uchilizelile, uchilizelē | awuchilizelanga | ongachilizelanga | ungachilizelanga |
| 1st plural | sichilizelile, sichilizelē | esichilizelile, esichilizelē | sichilizelile, sichilizelē | asichilizelanga | esingachilizelanga | singachilizelanga |
| 2nd plural | nichilizelile, nichilizelē | enichilizelile, enichilizelē | nichilizelile, nichilizelē | anichilizelanga | eningachilizelanga | ningachilizelanga |
| class 1 | uchilizelile, uchilizelē | ochilizelile, ochilizelē | echilizelile, echilizelē | akachilizelanga | ongachilizelanga | engachilizelanga |
| class 2 | bachilizelile, bachilizelē | abachilizelile, abachilizelē | bechilizelile, bechilizelē | abachilizelanga | abangachilizelanga | bengachilizelanga |
| class 3 | uchilizelile, uchilizelē | ochilizelile, ochilizelē | uchilizelile, uchilizelē | awuchilizelanga | ongachilizelanga | ungachilizelanga |
| class 4 | ichilizelile, ichilizelē | echilizelile, echilizelē | ichilizelile, ichilizelē | ayichilizelanga | engachilizelanga | ingachilizelanga |
| class 5 | lichilizelile, lichilizelē | elichilizelile, elichilizelē | lichilizelile, lichilizelē | alichilizelanga | elingachilizelanga | lingachilizelanga |
| class 6 | achilizelile, achilizelē | achilizelile, achilizelē | echilizelile, echilizelē | awachilizelanga | angachilizelanga | engachilizelanga |
| class 7 | sichilizelile, sichilizelē | esichilizelile, esichilizelē | sichilizelile, sichilizelē | asichilizelanga | esingachilizelanga | singachilizelanga |
| class 8 | zichilizelile, zichilizelē | ezichilizelile, ezichilizelē | zichilizelile, zichilizelē | azichilizelanga | ezingachilizelanga | zingachilizelanga |
| class 9 | ichilizelile, ichilizelē | echilizelile, echilizelē | ichilizelile, ichilizelē | ayichilizelanga | engachilizelanga | ingachilizelanga |
| class 10 | zichilizelile, zichilizelē | ezichilizelile, ezichilizelē | zichilizelile, zichilizelē | azichilizelanga | ezingachilizelanga | zingachilizelanga |
| class 11 | luchilizelile, luchilizelē | oluchilizelile, oluchilizelē | luchilizelile, luchilizelē | aluchilizelanga | olungachilizelanga | lungachilizelanga |
| class 14 | buchilizelile, buchilizelē | obuchilizelile, obuchilizelē | buchilizelile, buchilizelē | abuchilizelanga | obungachilizelanga | bungachilizelanga |
| class 15 | kuchilizelile, kuchilizelē | okuchilizelile, okuchilizelē | kuchilizelile, kuchilizelē | akuchilizelanga | okungachilizelanga | kungachilizelanga |
| class 17 | kuchilizelile, kuchilizelē | okuchilizelile, okuchilizelē | kuchilizelile, kuchilizelē | akuchilizelanga | okungachilizelanga | kungachilizelanga |
| remote past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngāchilizela | engāchilizela | ngāchilizela | angichilizelanga | engingachilizelanga | ngingachilizelanga |
| 2nd singular | wāchilizela | owāchilizela | wāchilizela | awuchilizelanga | ongachilizelanga | ungachilizelanga |
| 1st plural | sāchilizela | esāchilizela | sāchilizela | asichilizelanga | esingachilizelanga | singachilizelanga |
| 2nd plural | nāchilizela | enāchilizela | nāchilizela | anichilizelanga | eningachilizelanga | ningachilizelanga |
| class 1 | wāchilizela | owāchilizela | āchilizela | akachilizelanga | ongachilizelanga | engachilizelanga |
| class 2 | bāchilizela | abāchilizela | bāchilizela | abachilizelanga | abangachilizelanga | bengachilizelanga |
| class 3 | wāchilizela | owāchilizela | wāchilizela | awuchilizelanga | ongachilizelanga | ungachilizelanga |
| class 4 | yāchilizela | eyāchilizela | yāchilizela | ayichilizelanga | engachilizelanga | ingachilizelanga |
| class 5 | lāchilizela | elāchilizela | lāchilizela | alichilizelanga | elingachilizelanga | lingachilizelanga |
| class 6 | āchilizela | āchilizela | āchilizela | awachilizelanga | angachilizelanga | engachilizelanga |
| class 7 | sāchilizela | esāchilizela | sāchilizela | asichilizelanga | esingachilizelanga | singachilizelanga |
| class 8 | zāchilizela | ezāchilizela | zāchilizela | azichilizelanga | ezingachilizelanga | zingachilizelanga |
| class 9 | yāchilizela | eyāchilizela | yāchilizela | ayichilizelanga | engachilizelanga | ingachilizelanga |
| class 10 | zāchilizela | ezāchilizela | zāchilizela | azichilizelanga | ezingachilizelanga | zingachilizelanga |
| class 11 | lwāchilizela | olwāchilizela | lwāchilizela | aluchilizelanga | olungachilizelanga | lungachilizelanga |
| class 14 | bāchilizela | obāchilizela | bāchilizela | abuchilizelanga | obungachilizelanga | bungachilizelanga |
| class 15 | kwāchilizela | okwāchilizela | kwāchilizela | akuchilizelanga | okungachilizelanga | kungachilizelanga |
| class 17 | kwāchilizela | okwāchilizela | kwāchilizela | akuchilizelanga | okungachilizelanga | kungachilizelanga |
| potential | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngingachilizela | — | ngingachilizela | ngingechilizele | — | ngingechilizele |
| 2nd singular | ungachilizela | — | ungachilizela | ungechilizele | — | ungechilizele |
| 1st plural | singachilizela | — | singachilizela | singechilizele | — | singechilizele |
| 2nd plural | ningachilizela | — | ningachilizela | ningechilizele | — | ningechilizele |
| class 1 | angachilizela | — | engachilizela | angechilizele | — | engechilizele |
| class 2 | bangachilizela | — | bengachilizela | bangechilizele | — | bengechilizele |
| class 3 | ungachilizela | — | ungachilizela | ungechilizele | — | ungechilizele |
| class 4 | ingachilizela | — | ingachilizela | ingechilizele | — | ingechilizele |
| class 5 | lingachilizela | — | lingachilizela | lingechilizele | — | lingechilizele |
| class 6 | angachilizela | — | engachilizela | angechilizele | — | engechilizele |
| class 7 | singachilizela | — | singachilizela | singechilizele | — | singechilizele |
| class 8 | zingachilizela | — | zingachilizela | zingechilizele | — | zingechilizele |
| class 9 | ingachilizela | — | ingachilizela | ingechilizele | — | ingechilizele |
| class 10 | zingachilizela | — | zingachilizela | zingechilizele | — | zingechilizele |
| class 11 | lungachilizela | — | lungachilizela | lungechilizele | — | lungechilizele |
| class 14 | bungachilizela | — | bungachilizela | bungechilizele | — | bungechilizele |
| class 15 | kungachilizela | — | kungachilizela | kungechilizele | — | kungechilizele |
| class 17 | kungachilizela | — | kungachilizela | kungechilizele | — | kungechilizele |
| immediate future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngizochilizela | engizochilizela | ngizochilizela | angizuchilizela | engingezuchilizela | ngingezuchilizela |
| 2nd singular | uzochilizela | ozochilizela | uzochilizela | awuzuchilizela | ongezuchilizela | ungezuchilizela |
| 1st plural | sizochilizela | esizochilizela | sizochilizela | asizuchilizela | esingezuchilizela | singezuchilizela |
| 2nd plural | nizochilizela | enizochilizela | nizochilizela | anizuchilizela | eningezuchilizela | ningezuchilizela |
| class 1 | uzochilizela | ozochilizela | ezochilizela | akazuchilizela | ongezuchilizela | engezuchilizela |
| class 2 | bazochilizela | abazochilizela | bezochilizela | abazuchilizela | abangezuchilizela | bengezuchilizela |
| class 3 | uzochilizela | ozochilizela | uzochilizela | awuzuchilizela | ongezuchilizela | ungezuchilizela |
| class 4 | izochilizela | ezochilizela | izochilizela | ayizuchilizela | engezuchilizela | ingezuchilizela |
| class 5 | lizochilizela | elizochilizela | lizochilizela | alizuchilizela | elingezuchilizela | lingezuchilizela |
| class 6 | azochilizela | azochilizela | ezochilizela | awazuchilizela | angezuchilizela | engezuchilizela |
| class 7 | sizochilizela | esizochilizela | sizochilizela | asizuchilizela | esingezuchilizela | singezuchilizela |
| class 8 | zizochilizela | ezizochilizela | zizochilizela | azizuchilizela | ezingezuchilizela | zingezuchilizela |
| class 9 | izochilizela | ezochilizela | izochilizela | ayizuchilizela | engezuchilizela | ingezuchilizela |
| class 10 | zizochilizela | ezizochilizela | zizochilizela | azizuchilizela | ezingezuchilizela | zingezuchilizela |
| class 11 | luzochilizela | oluzochilizela | luzochilizela | aluzuchilizela | olungezuchilizela | lungezuchilizela |
| class 14 | buzochilizela | obuzochilizela | buzochilizela | abuzuchilizela | obungezuchilizela | bungezuchilizela |
| class 15 | kuzochilizela | okuzochilizela | kuzochilizela | akuzuchilizela | okungezuchilizela | kungezuchilizela |
| class 17 | kuzochilizela | okuzochilizela | kuzochilizela | akuzuchilizela | okungezuchilizela | kungezuchilizela |
| remote future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyochilizela | engiyochilizela | ngiyochilizela | angiyuchilizela | engingeyuchilizela | ngingeyuchilizela |
| 2nd singular | uyochilizela | oyochilizela | uyochilizela | awuyuchilizela | ongeyuchilizela | ungeyuchilizela |
| 1st plural | siyochilizela | esiyochilizela | siyochilizela | asiyuchilizela | esingeyuchilizela | singeyuchilizela |
| 2nd plural | niyochilizela | eniyochilizela | niyochilizela | aniyuchilizela | eningeyuchilizela | ningeyuchilizela |
| class 1 | uyochilizela | oyochilizela | eyochilizela | akayuchilizela | ongeyuchilizela | engeyuchilizela |
| class 2 | bayochilizela | abayochilizela | beyochilizela | abayuchilizela | abangeyuchilizela | bengeyuchilizela |
| class 3 | uyochilizela | oyochilizela | uyochilizela | awuyuchilizela | ongeyuchilizela | ungeyuchilizela |
| class 4 | iyochilizela | eyochilizela | iyochilizela | ayiyuchilizela | engeyuchilizela | ingeyuchilizela |
| class 5 | liyochilizela | eliyochilizela | liyochilizela | aliyuchilizela | elingeyuchilizela | lingeyuchilizela |
| class 6 | ayochilizela | ayochilizela | eyochilizela | awayuchilizela | angeyuchilizela | engeyuchilizela |
| class 7 | siyochilizela | esiyochilizela | siyochilizela | asiyuchilizela | esingeyuchilizela | singeyuchilizela |
| class 8 | ziyochilizela | eziyochilizela | ziyochilizela | aziyuchilizela | ezingeyuchilizela | zingeyuchilizela |
| class 9 | iyochilizela | eyochilizela | iyochilizela | ayiyuchilizela | engeyuchilizela | ingeyuchilizela |
| class 10 | ziyochilizela | eziyochilizela | ziyochilizela | aziyuchilizela | ezingeyuchilizela | zingeyuchilizela |
| class 11 | luyochilizela | oluyochilizela | luyochilizela | aluyuchilizela | olungeyuchilizela | lungeyuchilizela |
| class 14 | buyochilizela | obuyochilizela | buyochilizela | abuyuchilizela | obungeyuchilizela | bungeyuchilizela |
| class 15 | kuyochilizela | okuyochilizela | kuyochilizela | akuyuchilizela | okungeyuchilizela | kungeyuchilizela |
| class 17 | kuyochilizela | okuyochilizela | kuyochilizela | akuyuchilizela | okungeyuchilizela | kungeyuchilizela |
| present subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngichilizele | ngingachilizeli | ||||
| 2nd singular | uchilizele | ungachilizeli | ||||
| 1st plural | sichilizele | singachilizeli | ||||
| 2nd plural | nichilizele | ningachilizeli | ||||
| class 1 | achilizele | angachilizeli | ||||
| class 2 | bachilizele | bangachilizeli | ||||
| class 3 | uchilizele | ungachilizeli | ||||
| class 4 | ichilizele | ingachilizeli | ||||
| class 5 | lichilizele | lingachilizeli | ||||
| class 6 | achilizele | angachilizeli | ||||
| class 7 | sichilizele | singachilizeli | ||||
| class 8 | zichilizele | zingachilizeli | ||||
| class 9 | ichilizele | ingachilizeli | ||||
| class 10 | zichilizele | zingachilizeli | ||||
| class 11 | luchilizele | lungachilizeli | ||||
| class 14 | buchilizele | bungachilizeli | ||||
| class 15 | kuchilizele | kungachilizeli | ||||
| class 17 | kuchilizele | kungachilizeli | ||||
| past subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngachilizela | ngangachilizela, angachilizela, angangachilizela | ||||
| 2nd singular | wachilizela | wangachilizela, awachilizela, awangachilizela | ||||
| 1st plural | sachilizela | sangachilizela, asachilizela, asangachilizela | ||||
| 2nd plural | nachilizela | nangachilizela, anachilizela, anangachilizela | ||||
| class 1 | wachilizela | wangachilizela, akachilizela, akangachilizela | ||||
| class 2 | bachilizela | bangachilizela, abachilizela, abangachilizela | ||||
| class 3 | wachilizela | wangachilizela, awachilizela, awangachilizela | ||||
| class 4 | yachilizela | yangachilizela, ayachilizela, ayangachilizela | ||||
| class 5 | lachilizela | langachilizela, alachilizela, alangachilizela | ||||
| class 6 | achilizela | angachilizela, awachilizela, awangachilizela | ||||
| class 7 | sachilizela | sangachilizela, asachilizela, asangachilizela | ||||
| class 8 | zachilizela | zangachilizela, azachilizela, azangachilizela | ||||
| class 9 | yachilizela | yangachilizela, ayachilizela, ayangachilizela | ||||
| class 10 | zachilizela | zangachilizela, azachilizela, azangachilizela | ||||
| class 11 | lwachilizela | lwangachilizela, alwachilizela, alwangachilizela | ||||
| class 14 | bachilizela | bangachilizela, abachilizela, abangachilizela | ||||
| class 15 | kwachilizela | kwangachilizela, akwachilizela, akwangachilizela | ||||
| class 17 | kwachilizela | kwangachilizela, akwachilizela, akwangachilizela | ||||
References
- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “chilizela”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “chilizela (3.3.2.9)”