circulus

Borrowed from Latin circulus.

circulus (plural circuli)

1. (zoology)
   1. (herpetology) A social group of reptiles where there is interaction and personal exchange between individuals.
   3. (ichthyology) A concentric growth ring found on the scales of fish. This ring develops around the focus of the fish's scale.

      Coordinate terms: focus, annulus

• (herpetology):
  • circulus (zoology) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• (ichthyology):
  • https://dnr.maryland.gov/ccs/Documents/education/The-Tale-of-a-Scale.pdf

• circlus (rare, poetic)

From circus +‎ -ulus.

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈkɪr.kʊ.ɫʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈt͡ʃir.ku.lus]

circulus m (genitive circulī); second declension

1. A circle (geometric figure)
2. An orbit (circular path)
3. A ring, hoop
4. A necklace, chain
5. A company, social gathering, group
6. (Medieval Latin) A calendrical cycle

   Huius sexto anno primus Dionisi circulus inchoat

   In the sixth year of which [reign], the first cycle of Dionysius begins. — Bede, Chronica Minora

Second-declension noun.

• Circulus Arcticus

Learned borrowings:

• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “cĭrcŭlus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 2: C Q K, page 703

• “circulus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “circulus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "circulus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• circulus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.