cynio

Welsh

Etymology

cŷn (“chisel”) +‎ -io.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkənjɔ/

Verb

cynio (first-person singular present cyniaf)

  1. (North Wales) to chisel
    Synonym: (South Wales) geingio
  2. to wedge
    Synonym: lletemu

Conjugation

Conjugation (literary)
singular plural impersonal
first second third first second third
present indicative/future cyniaf cynni cyni, cynia cyniwn cynniwch, cyniwch cyniant cynnir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional cyniwn cynnit cyniai cyniem cyniech cynient cynnid
preterite cynniais cynniaist cyniodd cyniasom cyniasoch cyniasant cyniwyd
pluperfect cyniaswn cyniasit cyniasai cyniasem cyniasech cyniasent cyniasid, cyniesid
present subjunctive cyniwyf cynniech cynio cyniom cynioch cyniont cynier
imperative — cyni, cynia cynied cyniwn cynniwch, cyniwch cynient cynier
verbal noun
verbal adjectives cyniedig
cyniadwy
Conjugation (colloquial)
inflected
colloquial forms 		singular plural
first second third first second third
future cynia i,
cyniaf i 		cyni di cynith o/e/hi,
cyniff e/hi 		cyniwn ni cyniwch chi cynian nhw
conditional cyniwn i,
cynswn i 		cyniet ti,
cynset ti 		cyniai fo/fe/hi,
cynsai fo/fe/hi 		cnuchien ni,
cynsen ni 		cyniech chi,
cynsech chi 		cynien nhw,
cynsen nhw
preterite cyniais i,
cynies i 		cyniaist ti,
cyniest ti 		cyniodd o/e/hi cynion ni cynioch chi cynion nhw
imperative — cynia — — cyniwch —

Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Mutation

Mutated forms of cynio
radical soft nasal aspirate
cynio gynio nghynio chynio

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

  • D. G. Lewis, N. Lewis, editors (2005–present), “cynio”, in Gweiadur: the Welsh–English Dictionary, Gwerin
  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “cynio”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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