dirigo

Italian

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /diˈri.ɡo/, (regional) /diˈriɡ.ɡo/
  • Rhymes: -iɡo, (regional) -iɡɡo
  • Hyphenation: di‧rì‧go

Verb

dirigo

  1. first-person singular present indicative of dirigere

Anagrams

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *dwizregō. Equivalent to dis- +‎ regō (“I rule, govern”).

For the meaning development compare with Russian напра́вить (naprávitʹ, “to direct, to turn, to aim, to level, to point”), отпра́вить (otprávitʹ, “to send, to dispatch, to forward”) connected with пра́вить (právitʹ, “to govern, to rule, to drive, to steer”).

Pronunciation

Verb

dīrigō (present infinitive dīrigere, perfect active dīrēxī, supine dīrēctum); third conjugation

  1. to lay straight; arrange in lines (especially in military contexts)
  2. to direct to a place, guide, steer
    • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 1.466:
      dīriget in mediō quis mea vēla fretō?
      Who will guide my sails amidst the sea?
  3. to distribute, scatter

Conjugation

   Conjugation of dīrigō (third conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present dīrigō dīrigis dīrigit dīrigimus dīrigitis dīrigunt
imperfect dīrigēbam dīrigēbās dīrigēbat dīrigēbāmus dīrigēbātis dīrigēbant
future dīrigam dīrigēs dīriget dīrigēmus dīrigētis dīrigent
perfect dīrēxī dīrēxistī dīrēxit dīrēximus dīrēxistis dīrēxērunt,
dīrēxēre
pluperfect dīrēxeram dīrēxerās dīrēxerat dīrēxerāmus dīrēxerātis dīrēxerant
future perfect dīrēxerō dīrēxeris dīrēxerit dīrēxerimus dīrēxeritis dīrēxerint
passive present dīrigor dīrigeris,
dīrigere 		dīrigitur dīrigimur dīrigiminī dīriguntur
imperfect dīrigēbar dīrigēbāris,
dīrigēbāre 		dīrigēbātur dīrigēbāmur dīrigēbāminī dīrigēbantur
future dīrigar dīrigēris,
dīrigēre 		dīrigētur dīrigēmur dīrigēminī dīrigentur
perfect dīrēctus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect dīrēctus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect dīrēctus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present dīrigam dīrigās dīrigat dīrigāmus dīrigātis dīrigant
imperfect dīrigerem dīrigerēs dīrigeret dīrigerēmus dīrigerētis dīrigerent
perfect dīrēxerim dīrēxerīs dīrēxerit dīrēxerīmus dīrēxerītis dīrēxerint
pluperfect dīrēxissem dīrēxissēs dīrēxisset dīrēxissēmus dīrēxissētis dīrēxissent
passive present dīrigar dīrigāris,
dīrigāre 		dīrigātur dīrigāmur dīrigāminī dīrigantur
imperfect dīrigerer dīrigerēris,
dīrigerēre 		dīrigerētur dīrigerēmur dīrigerēminī dīrigerentur
perfect dīrēctus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect dīrēctus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — dīrige — — dīrigite —
future — dīrigitō dīrigitō — dīrigitōte dīriguntō
passive present — dīrigere — — dīrigiminī —
future — dīrigitor dīrigitor — — dīriguntor
non-finite forms infinitive participle
active passive active passive
present dīrigere dīrigī dīrigēns —
future dīrēctūrum esse dīrēctum īrī dīrēctūrus dīrigendus,
dīrigundus
perfect dīrēxisse dīrēctum esse — dīrēctus
future perfect — dīrēctum fore — —
perfect potential dīrēctūrum fuisse — — —
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
dīrigendī dīrigendō dīrigendum dīrigendō dīrēctum dīrēctū

Descendants

Descendants
  • Balkano-Romance:
    • ⇒ Aromanian: ãndreg, ãndregu, ndreg, ndregu, andreg, andregu (prefixed)
    • Romanian: drege, dregere
  • Italo-Romance:
  • Gallo-Romance:
    • Franco-Provençal: derdre
    • Old Occitan: derdre, derzer
      • Occitan: derdre
        • Gascon: dérser
      • ⇒ Old Provençal: *adergar
        • → Catalan: adergar (prefixed)
  • Ibero-Romance:
    • Old Galician-Portuguese:
      • ⇒ Portuguese: adergar, adregar (prefixed)
  • Borrowings:

References

  • “dirigo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “dirigo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • dirigo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to journey towards a place: iter aliquo dirigere, intendere
    • to measure something by the standard of something else; to make something one's criterion: dirigere or referre aliquid ad aliquam rem
    • to set one's course for a place: cursum dirigere aliquo
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