efni

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse efni, from Proto-Germanic *abniją. Cognate with Faroese evni, Danish evne, Norwegian Nynorsk emne, Swedish ämne.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɛpnɪ/
  • Rhymes: -ɛpnɪ

Noun

efni n (genitive singular efnis, nominative plural efni)

  1. fabric
  2. substance, material
    1. chemical
  3. subject, matter, ingredient
  4. means

Declension

Declension of efni (neuter)
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative efni efnið efni efnin
accusative efni efnið efni efnin
dative efni efninu efnum efnunum
genitive efnis efnisins efna efnanna

Derived terms

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *abniją.

Noun

efni n (genitive efnis)

  1. stuff, material
  2. matter of discourse
  3. matter, affair
  4. cause, reason
  5. state, condition, affair
  6. (plural only) means

Declension

Declension of efni (strong ija-stem)
neuter singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative efni efnit efni efnin
accusative efni efnit efni efnin
dative efni efninu efnum efnunum
genitive efnis efnisins efna efnanna

Descendants

  • Icelandic: efni
  • Faroese: evni
  • Norn: even
  • Norwegian: emne; (dialectal) evne, ebne
    • → Danish: emne
      • Norwegian Bokmål: emne
  • Old Swedish: æfni
  • Danish: evne
    • Norwegian Bokmål: evne
    • → Norwegian Nynorsk: evne
  • Gutnish: ämne
  • → Middle English: efne, efene, evene, even
    • Scots: evyne, evyn, evin

Further reading

  • Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “efni”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *ebn, from Proto-Germanic *ebnaz. Related to evan.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈef.ni/, /ˈev.ni/

Adjective

efni (comparative efniro, superlative efnist)

  1. plain

Declension

Declension of efni
Strong declension
singular plural
masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
nominative efni efni efni efnie efniu efnie
accusative efniana efni efnia efnie efniu efnie
genitive efnies efnies efniaro efniarō efniarō efniarō
dative efniumu efniumu efniaro efnium efnium efnium
Weak declension
singular plural
masculine neuter feminine
nominative efnio efnia efnia efniu
accusative efniun efnia efniun efniun
genitive efniun efniun efniun efnionō
dative efniun efniun efniun efnium
Comparative forms of efni (weak only)
singular plural
masculine neuter feminine
nominative efniro efnira efnira efniru
accusative efnirun efnira efnirun efnirun
genitive efnirun efnirun efnirun efnironō
dative efnirun efnirun efnirun efnirum
Superlative forms of {{{title}}}
Strong declension
singular plural
masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
nominative efnist efnist efnist efniste efniste efnistu
accusative efnistana efnist efnista efniste efniste efnistu
genitive efnistes efnistes efnistaro efnistarō efnistarō efnistarō
dative efnistumu efnistumu efnistaro efnistum efnistum efnistum
Weak declension
singular plural
masculine neuter feminine
nominative efnisto efnista efnista efnistu
accusative efnistun efnista efnistun efnistun
genitive efnistun efnistun efnistun efnistonō
dative efnistun efnistun efnistun efnistum
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