eorna

See also: eòrna

Irish

Etymology

From Middle Irish eórna[1] (compare Scottish Gaelic eòrna, Manx oarn), from *yeworniū, from Proto-Celtic *yewos (compare Breton yell (“spelt”)), from Proto-Indo-European *yéwos (“barley”) (compare Lithuanian javai̇̃ (“grain”), Persian جو (jaw), Sanskrit यव (yava)).

Pronunciation

Noun

eorna f (genitive singular eorna or eornan)

  1. barley (Hordeum vulgare)

Declension

Standard inflection (fourth declension)
Declension of eorna (fourth declension, no plural)
bare forms
singular
nominative eorna
vocative a eorna
genitive eorna
dative eorna
forms with the definite article
singular
nominative an eorna
genitive na heorna
dative leis an eorna
don eorna
Alternative inflection (fifth declension)
Declension of eorna (fifth declension, no plural)
bare forms
singular
nominative eorna
vocative a eorna
genitive eornan
dative eorna
eornain (archaic, dialectal)
forms with the definite article
singular
nominative an eorna
genitive na heornan
dative leis an eorna
leis an eornain (archaic, dialectal)
don eorna
don eornain (archaic, dialectal)

Derived terms

  • easpa eorna (“petty spurge”)
  • eorna bheag (“bere”)
  • eorna nua (“a welcome change of food”)
  • eorna phéarlach (“pearl barley”)
  • gráinne eorna (“barleycorn”)
  • sú na heorna, úsc na heorna (“barley whiskey”)
  • uisce eorna (“barley-water”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of eorna
radical eclipsis with h-prothesis with t-prothesis
eorna n-eorna heorna not applicable

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “eórna”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Further reading

  • Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “eorna”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
  • Dinneen, Patrick S. (1927) “eorna”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 2nd edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 288; reprinted with additions 1996, →ISBN
  • de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “eorna”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
  • “eorna”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2025
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