excrucio

Latin

Etymology

From ex- (“out of, from”) +‎ cruciō (“crucify; torture, torment”).

Pronunciation

Verb

excruciō (present infinitive excruciāre, perfect active excruciāvī, supine excruciātum); first conjugation

  1. to torment greatly, torture, rack, plague; afflict, distress, harass, vex
  2. to force out by torturing, extort

Conjugation

   Conjugation of excruciō (first conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present excruciō excruciās excruciat excruciāmus excruciātis excruciant
imperfect excruciābam excruciābās excruciābat excruciābāmus excruciābātis excruciābant
future excruciābō excruciābis excruciābit excruciābimus excruciābitis excruciābunt
perfect excruciāvī excruciāvistī excruciāvit excruciāvimus excruciāvistis excruciāvērunt,
excruciāvēre
pluperfect excruciāveram excruciāverās excruciāverat excruciāverāmus excruciāverātis excruciāverant
future perfect excruciāverō excruciāveris excruciāverit excruciāverimus excruciāveritis excruciāverint
passive present excrucior excruciāris,
excruciāre 		excruciātur excruciāmur excruciāminī excruciantur
imperfect excruciābar excruciābāris,
excruciābāre 		excruciābātur excruciābāmur excruciābāminī excruciābantur
future excruciābor excruciāberis,
excruciābere 		excruciābitur excruciābimur excruciābiminī excruciābuntur
perfect excruciātus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect excruciātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect excruciātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present excruciem excruciēs excruciet excruciēmus excruciētis excrucient
imperfect excruciārem excruciārēs excruciāret excruciārēmus excruciārētis excruciārent
perfect excruciāverim excruciāverīs excruciāverit excruciāverīmus excruciāverītis excruciāverint
pluperfect excruciāvissem excruciāvissēs excruciāvisset excruciāvissēmus excruciāvissētis excruciāvissent
passive present excrucier excruciēris,
excruciēre 		excruciētur excruciēmur excruciēminī excrucientur
imperfect excruciārer excruciārēris,
excruciārēre 		excruciārētur excruciārēmur excruciārēminī excruciārentur
perfect excruciātus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect excruciātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — excruciā — — excruciāte —
future — excruciātō excruciātō — excruciātōte excruciantō
passive present — excruciāre — — excruciāminī —
future — excruciātor excruciātor — — excruciantor
non-finite forms infinitive participle
active passive active passive
present excruciāre excruciārī,
excruciārier1 		excruciāns —
future excruciātūrum esse excruciātum īrī excruciātūrus excruciandus
perfect excruciāvisse excruciātum esse — excruciātus
future perfect — excruciātum fore — —
perfect potential excruciātūrum fuisse — — —
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
excruciandī excruciandō excruciandum excruciandō excruciātum excruciātū

1The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested.

Derived terms

Descendants

  • English: excruciate
  • Portuguese: excruciar

References

  • “excrucio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “excrucio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • excrucio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to be tormented by remorse: conscientia mala angi, excruciari
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