fír

See also: fir, FIR, and fir-

Irish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /fʲiːɾʲ/[1]
  • Homophone: fíor- (one pronunciation)

Etymology 1

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Adjective

fír

  1. inflection of fíor:
    1. vocative/genitive singular masculine
    2. (archaic) dative singular feminine

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Alternative forms

Verb

fír

  1. (archaic, Munster) second-person singular present indicative/subjunctive of figh

Mutation

Mutated forms of fír
radical lenition eclipsis
fír fhír bhfír

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 165, page 62

Old Irish

Pronunciation

Nominative singular all genders; feminine and neuter vocative singular; masculine and neuter accusative and dative singular; genitive plural all genders:

  • IPA(key): [ɸʲiːr]

Masculine vocative singular; masculine and neuter genitive singular; feminine accusative and dative singular; masculine nominative plural:

  • IPA(key): [ɸʲiːrʲ]

Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *wīros.

Adjective

fír

  1. true
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 22b23
      Ci as·bera nech ro·pïa nem cía du·gneid na rétu sa, nípa fír.
      Even if anyone says you pl will have heaven although you do these things, it will not be true.
  2. milky
    • teora ferbba fira .i. teora bae blechta
      Three cows with milk
Inflection
o/ā-stem
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative fír fír fír
vocative fír
accusative fír fír
genitive fír fíre fír
dative fír fír fír
plural masculine feminine/neuter
nominative fír fíra
vocative fíru
fíra†
accusative fíru
fíra†
genitive fír
dative fíraib

† not when substantivized

Descendants
  • Irish: fíor
  • Manx: feer
  • Scottish Gaelic: fìor

Etymology 2

From Proto-Celtic *wīrom.

Noun

fír n

  1. truth
    Synonym: fírinne
  2. milk
Inflection
Neuter o-stem
singular dual plural
nominative fírN fírN fírL, fíra
vocative fírN fírN fírL, fíra
accusative fírN fírN fírL, fíra
genitive fírL fír fírN
dative fírL fíraib fíraib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Mutation

Mutation of fír
radical lenition nasalization
fír ḟír fír
pronounced with /β̃ʲ-/

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

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