glandium

Latin

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From glāns.

Noun

glandium n (genitive glandiī or glandī); second declension

  1. some choice portion of pork meat
    • c. 200 BCE, Plautus, Stichus 360:
      PIN. <Vos> lectos sternite.
      GEL. Principium placet de lectis. PIN. Alii ligna caedite,
      alii piscis depurgate, quos piscatu rettuli,
      pernam et glandium deicite. GEL. Hic hercle homo nimium sapit.
      PIN. (You) prepare the couches.
      GEL. I like the beginning about the couches. PIN. Others cut wood,
      others clean the fish I brought back from fishing,
      take down the ham and glandium. GEL. By Hercules, this man is exceedingly wise.
    • c. 191 BCE, Plautus, Pseudolus 166:
      Haec, quom ego a foro revortar, facite ut offendam parata,
      vorsa sparsa, tersa strata, lautaque unctaque omnia ut sint.
      Nam mi hodie natalis dies est, decet eum omnis vos concelebrare.
      Pernam callum glandium sumen facito in aqua iaceant. Satin audis?
      Magnifice volo me viros summos accipere, ut mihi rem esse reantur.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • c. 190 BCE, Plautus, Curculio 366:
      Atque aliquid prius obstrudamus, pernam, sumen, glandium,
      haec sunt ventris stabilimenta, pane et assa bubula,
      poculum grande, aula magna, ut satis consilia suppetant.
      tu tabellas consignato, hic ministrabit, ego edam.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • c. 190 BCE, Plautus, Curculio 323:
      PAL. Immo si scias, reliquiae quae sint. CURC. Scire nimis lubet
      ubi sient, nam illis conventis sane opus est meis dentibus.
      PH. Pernam, abdomen, sumen sueris, glandium++CURC. Ain tu omnia haec?
      in carnario fortasse dicis. PH. Immo in lancibus,
      quae tibi sunt parata, postquam scimus venturum.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Usage notes
  • Often translated as sweetbread, i.e. the thymus gland and/or pancreas. Johnston 1954 argues that based on the context in which it is used, the word must refer to a larger cut of meat, nominating the tenderloin as a likely candidate.[1]
Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

singular plural
nominative glandium glandia
genitive glandiī
glandī1 		glandiōrum
dative glandiō glandiīs
accusative glandium glandia
ablative glandiō glandiīs
vocative glandium glandia

1Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

Etymology 2

Noun

glandium

  1. genitive plural of glāns
    • c. 77 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 16.25:
      Glans fagea suem hilarem facit, carnem cocibilem ac levem et utilem stomacho, iligna suem angustam, non nitidam, strigosam; ponderosam querna, diffusam, grandissima et ipsa glandium atque dulcissima.
      • 1945 translation by H. Rackham
        Beech-mast fed to pigs livens them up, and makes their flesh easy to cook and light and digestible; whereas the acorns of the holm-oak make a pig thin, nota glossy, meagre. Acorns from the common oak make it heavy and lumpish, being themselves also the largest of nuts and the sweetest in flavour.
    • c. 77 CE – 79 CE, Pliny the Elder, Naturalis Historia 15.92:
      'Nuces' vocamus et castaneas, quamquam adcommodatiores glandium generi.
      We also call chestnuts 'nuts', although they seem to fit better into the class of acorns.

References

  1. ^ Johnston, Leslie D. (1954) “Glandium: What Piece of Pork?”, in Classical Philology, volume 49, number 4, →JSTOR, pages 244-250

Further reading

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