gluais
Irish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡl̪ˠuəʃ/, /ɡlˠuəʃ/[1]
Etymology 1
From Middle Irish glúais, from Old Irish glúas (“gloss, commentary, explanation”), from Late Latin glōssa (“gloss”), from Ancient Greek γλῶσσα (glôssa, “tongue, language, an obsolete or foreign word requiring explanation”).
Noun
gluais f (genitive singular gluaise, nominative plural gluaiseanna)
- comment, remark
- gloss
- glossary
- movement
- (obsolete) device, contrivance (mechanical device to perform a certain task)
- Synonyms: gaireas, gléas
Declension
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Etymology 2
From Old Irish glúaisid (“to move”).[2]
Verb
gluais (present analytic gluaiseann, future analytic gluaisfidh, verbal noun gluaiseacht, past participle gluaiste)
Conjugation
| verbal noun | gluaiseacht | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| past participle | gluaiste | |||||||
| tense | singular | plural | relative | autonomous | ||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| indicative | ||||||||
| present | gluaisim | gluaiseann tú; gluaisir† |
gluaiseann sé, sí | gluaisimid | gluaiseann sibh | gluaiseann siad; gluaisid† |
a ghluaiseann; a ghluaiseas / a ngluaiseann* |
gluaistear |
| past | ghluais mé; ghluaiseas | ghluais tú; ghluaisis | ghluais sé, sí | ghluaiseamar; ghluais muid | ghluais sibh; ghluaiseabhair | ghluais siad; ghluaiseadar | a ghluais / ar ghluais* |
gluaiseadh |
| past habitual | ghluaisinn / ngluaisinn‡‡ | ghluaisteá / ngluaisteᇇ | ghluaiseadh sé, sí / ngluaiseadh sé, s퇇 | ghluaisimis; ghluaiseadh muid / ngluaisimis‡‡; ngluaiseadh muid‡‡ | ghluaiseadh sibh / ngluaiseadh sibh‡‡ | ghluaisidís; ghluaiseadh siad / ngluaisidís‡‡; ngluaiseadh siad‡‡ | a ghluaiseadh / a ngluaiseadh* |
ghluaistí / ngluaist퇇 |
| future | gluaisfidh mé; gluaisfead |
gluaisfidh tú; gluaisfir† |
gluaisfidh sé, sí | gluaisfimid; gluaisfidh muid |
gluaisfidh sibh | gluaisfidh siad; gluaisfid† |
a ghluaisfidh; a ghluaisfeas / a ngluaisfidh* |
gluaisfear |
| conditional | ghluaisfinn / ngluaisfinn‡‡ | ghluaisfeá / ngluaisfeᇇ | ghluaisfeadh sé, sí / ngluaisfeadh sé, s퇇 | ghluaisfimis; ghluaisfeadh muid / ngluaisfimis‡‡; ngluaisfeadh muid‡‡ | ghluaisfeadh sibh / ngluaisfeadh sibh‡‡ | ghluaisfidís; ghluaisfeadh siad / ngluaisfidís‡‡; ngluaisfeadh siad‡‡ | a ghluaisfeadh / a ngluaisfeadh* |
ghluaisfí / ngluaisf퇇 |
| subjunctive | ||||||||
| present | go ngluaise mé; go ngluaisead† |
go ngluaise tú; go ngluaisir† |
go ngluaise sé, sí | go ngluaisimid; go ngluaise muid |
go ngluaise sibh | go ngluaise siad; go ngluaisid† |
— | go ngluaistear |
| past | dá ngluaisinn | dá ngluaisteá | dá ngluaiseadh sé, sí | dá ngluaisimis; dá ngluaiseadh muid |
dá ngluaiseadh sibh | dá ngluaisidís; dá ngluaiseadh siad |
— | dá ngluaistí |
| imperative | ||||||||
| – | gluaisim | gluais | gluaiseadh sé, sí | gluaisimis | gluaisigí; gluaisidh† |
gluaisidís | — | gluaistear |
* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis
Quotations
- 1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect], volume II (overall work in German), Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 126:
- ȷeŕ šē lm̥ fanəxt šȧxtn̥ elə søl ə ʒluəšəs mē.
- [Deir sé liom fanacht seachtain eile sula ghluaiseas mé.]
- He tells me to wait another week before I set out.
- 1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect], volume II (overall work in German), Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 126:
- ʒā ŋluəšā əníš, çukā ə n-ām çȧrt eǵ ə bātrūn.
- [Dhá ngluaisfeá anois, thiocfá in am cheart ag an bpátrún.]
- If you set out now, you would come to the pattern at the right time.
Derived terms
- gluaiseacht (“motion; movement; passage; power”)
- gluaisrothar (“motorbicycle; motorcycle”)
Mutation
| radical | lenition | eclipsis |
|---|---|---|
| gluais | ghluais | ngluais |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
References
- ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 152, page 59
- ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “glúasid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “gluais”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
Scottish Gaelic
Etymology
From Old Irish glúaisid (“move, proceed”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kl̪ˠuəʃ/
Verb
gluais (past ghluais, future gluaisidh, verbal noun gluasad, past participle gluaiste)
Derived terms
- gluaisneachd (“motion, movement”)
Mutation
| radical | lenition |
|---|---|
| gluais | ghluais |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.