griauti

Lithuanian

Etymology

Along with griū́ti (“to collapse”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrewH- (“to rush in, attack”). Cognate with Latvian graût (“to destroy, thunder”), Latin ingruō (“to attack”), Ancient Greek χράω (khráō, “to attack, inflict”).^[1]^[2]

The "destroy" and "thunder" meanings are traditionally treated separately in Lithuanian dictionaries; however, Derksen considers them to be of the same origin.^[2] He also considers griáusti (“to thunder, roar, knock”) to be related.^[3]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɡrʲæːʊ̯.tʲɪ/

Verb

griáuti (third-person present tense griáuna, third-person past tense grióvė)

to destroy, demolish, bring down
(figuratively) to ruin, spoil
to thunder, roar

Conjugation

Conjugation of *griauti*
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
		singular vienaskaita			plural daugiskaita
		aš	tu	jis/ji	mes	jūs	jie/jos
indicative tiesioginė nuosaka	present esamasis laikas	griáunu	griáuni	griáuna	griáuname, griáunam	griáunate, griáunat	griáuna
	past būtasis kartinis laikas	grióviau	grióvei	grióvė	grióvėme, grióvėm	grióvėte, grióvėt	grióvė
	past frequentative būtasis dažninis laikas	griáudavau	griáudavai	griáudavo	griáudavome, griáudavom	griáudavote, griáudavot	griáudavo
	future būsimasis laikas	griáusiu	griáusi	griáus	griáusime, griáusim	griáusite, griáusit	griáus
subjunctive tariamoji nuosaka		griáučiau	griáutum	griáutų	griáutumėme, griáutumėm, griáutume	griáutumėte, griáutumėt	griáutų
imperative liepiamoji nuosaka		—	griáuk, griáuki	tegriáuna	griáukime, griáukim	griáukite, griáukit	tegriáuna

Participles of griauti

adjectival (dalyviai)
	active	passive
present	griáunąs, griáunantis	griáunamas
past	grióvęs	griáutas
past frequentative	griáudavęs	—
future	griáusiąs, griáusiantis	griáusimas
participle of necessity	—	griáutinas

adverbial
special pusdalyvis		griáudamas
half-participle padalyviai	present	griáunant
	past	grióvus
	past frequentative	griáudavus
	future	griáusiant
manner of action būdinys		griáute, griáutinai

References

^ Smoczyński, Wojciech (2007) “griū́ti”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka litewskiego‎^[1] (in Polish), Vilnius: Uniwersytet Wileński, pages 203-4
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Derksen, Rick (2015) “griauti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 187
^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “griausti II”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 187

[1] Smoczyński, Wojciech (2007) “griū́ti”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka litewskiego‎^[1] (in Polish), Vilnius: Uniwersytet Wileński, pages 203-4

[EDBIL-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Derksen, Rick (2015) “griauti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 187

[3] Derksen, Rick (2015) “griausti II”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 187

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