grym

Albanian

Verb

grym (aorist gryma, participle grymur)

  1. (transitive) to curse

Conjugation

Standard Albanian conjugation of grym (active voice)

  • Show compound tenses:  

participle grymur
gerund duke grymur
infinitive për të grymur
singular plural
1st pers. 2nd pers. 3rd pers. 1st pers. 2nd pers. 3rd pers.
indicative present grym grym grym grymim grymni grymin
imperfect grymja grymje grymte grymnim grymnit grymnin
aorist gryma gryme grymi grymëm grymët grymën
perfect kam grymur ke grymur ka grymur kemi grymur keni grymur kanë grymur
past perfect kisha grymur kishe grymur kishte grymur kishim grymur kishit grymur kishin grymur
aorist II pata grymur pate grymur pati grymur patëm grymur patët grymur patën grymur
future1 do të grym do të grymësh do të grymë do të grymim do të grymni do të grymin
future perfect2 do të kem grymur do të kesh grymur do të ketë grymur do të kemi grymur do të keni grymur do të kenë grymur
subjunctive present të grym të grymësh të grymë të grymim të grymni të grymin
imperfect të grymja të grymje të grymte të grymnim të grymnit të grymnin
perfect të kem grymur të kesh grymur të ketë grymur të kemi grymur të keni grymur të kenë grymur
past perfect të kisha grymur të kishe grymur të kishte grymur të kishim grymur të kishit grymur të kishin grymur
conditional1, 2 imperfect do të grymja do të grymje do të grymte do të grymnim do të grymnit do të grymnin
past perfect do të kisha grymur do të kishe grymur do të kishte grymur do të kishim grymur do të kishit grymur do të kishin grymur
optative present grymsha grymsh grymtë grymshim grymshi grymshin
perfect paça grymur paç grymur pastë grymur paçim grymur paçit grymur paçin grymur
admirative present grymkam grymke grymka grymkemi grymkeni grymkan
imperfect grymkësha grymkëshe grymkësh grymkëshim grymkëshit grymkëshin
perfect paskam grymur paske grymur paska grymur paskemi grymur paskeni grymur paskan grymur
past perfect paskësha grymur paskëshe grymur paskësh grymur paskëshim grymur paskëshit grymur paskëshin grymur
imperative present — grym — — grymni —
1) indicative future identical with conditional present 2) indicative future perfect identical with conditional perfect

Further reading

  • “grym”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
  • FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎[1], 1980
  • Newmark, L. (1999) “grym”, in Oxford Albanian-English Dictionary‎[2]

Swedish

FWOTD – 3 January 2016

Etymology

From Old Swedish grymber, from Old Norse grimmr, from Proto-Germanic *grimmaz.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɡrʏmː/
  • Audio:(file)

Adjective

grym (comparative grymmare, superlative grymmast)

  1. cruel
    en grym diktator
    a cruel dictator
    grym behandling
    cruel treatment
    Vad säger grisen om djurplågeri? Grymt!
    What does the pig say about animal cruelty? Cruel! / Grunt! (pun – "Grymt" can be thought of as short for "Det är grymt" (It is cruel), hence the neuter)
  2. (colloquial) great, awesome
    en grym film
    a great movie (or a cruel movie)
    Han är grym på bordtennis
    He's great at table tennis
    – Jag lyckades fixa datorn. – Grymt!
    – I managed to fix the computer. – Awesome!
    • 2004, Magnus Uggla, song lyrics
      Hon är grejen, värsta grymma tjejen
      She's the thing, the best awesome gal
  3. (colloquial, in adverbial usage) terribly, very (as an intensifier)
    Jag blev grymt besviken
    I was terribly disappointed
    De spelar grymt bra!
    They're playing really great!

Declension

Inflection of grym
Indefinite positive comparative superlative1
common singular grym grymmare grymmast
neuter singular grymt grymmare grymmast
plural grymma grymmare grymmast
masculine plural2 grymme grymmare grymmast
Definite positive comparative superlative
masculine singular3 grymme grymmare grymmaste
all grymma grymmare grymmaste

1 The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
2 Dated or archaic.
3 Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

References

Welsh

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *grendsmu, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰredʰ-.[1] Cognate with Latin gradus (“step”).

Pronunciation

Noun

grym m (plural grymoedd)

  1. power, might, force
    Synonyms: nerth, gallu, cryfder, cadernid

Derived terms

  • di-rym (“powerless”)
  • grymedd (“stress”)
  • grymus (“mighty, powerful”)
  • mewn grym (“in power, in force, operative”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of grym
radical soft nasal aspirate
grym rym ngrym unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “grym”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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