English
Etymology
From Arabic حركة.
Noun
harka (plural harkas)
- (historical) In Maghrebi history, a military campaign, often a punitive expedition against insurgents.
Icelandic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈhar̥ka/
- Rhymes: -ar̥ka
Etymology 1
From Old Norse harka, harðka, from harðr (“hard”) ( > Icelandic harður) + -ka.
Noun
harka f (genitive singular hörku, nominative plural hörkur)
- hardness
- hardness, austerity, severity
- hardiness, toughness
Declension
Declension of harka (feminine)
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| indefinite
|
definite
|
indefinite
|
definite
|
| nominative
|
harka
|
harkan
|
hörkur
|
hörkurnar
|
| accusative
|
hörku
|
hörkuna
|
hörkur
|
hörkurnar
|
| dative
|
hörku
|
hörkunni
|
hörkum
|
hörkunum
|
| genitive
|
hörku
|
hörkunnar
|
harkna, harka
|
harknanna, harkanna
|
Derived terms
- beita hörku
- hleypa í sig hörku
- sýna af sér hörku
- sýna hörku
Etymology 2
Verb
harka (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative harkaði, supine harkað)
- to toughen [with accusative]
Usage notes
- Mainly used in set phrases.
Conjugation
harka – active voice (germynd)
| infinitive nafnháttur
|
að harka
|
| supine sagnbót
|
harkað
|
present participle
|
harkandi
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
indicative
|
|
subjunctive
|
|
|
present
|
past
|
present
|
past
|
| singular
|
ég
|
harka
|
harkaði
|
harki
|
harkaði
|
| þú
|
harkar
|
harkaðir
|
harkir
|
harkaðir
|
| hann, hún, það
|
harkar
|
harkaði
|
harki
|
harkaði
|
| plural
|
við
|
hörkum
|
hörkuðum
|
hörkum
|
hörkuðum
|
| þið
|
harkið
|
hörkuðuð
|
harkið
|
hörkuðuð
|
| þeir, þær, þau
|
harka
|
hörkuðu
|
harki
|
hörkuðu
|
|
|
|
|
|
imperative boðháttur
|
| singular
|
þú
|
harka (þú), harkaðu
|
| plural
|
þið
|
harkið (þið), harkiði1
|
1 Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
Derived terms
- harka af sér (“to bear up, endure”)
- harka saman (synonymous, skrapa saman)
- harka sig upp
See also
Old Norse
Etymology
From harðr (“hard”) + -ka.
Noun
harka f
- hardness
- hardiness, toughness
Descendants
Further reading
- Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “harka”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive
Oromo
Etymology
From Proto-Cushitic. Cognates include Khonso harkaa.
Noun
harka
- hand
Quechua
Noun
harka
- alternative spelling of hark'a
Declension
Declension of harka
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
harka
|
harkakuna
|
| accusative
|
harkata
|
harkakunata
|
| dative
|
harkaman
|
harkakunaman
|
| genitive
|
harkap
|
harkakunap
|
| locative
|
harkapi
|
harkakunapi
|
| terminative
|
harkakama
|
harkakunakama
|
| ablative
|
harkamanta
|
harkakunamanta
|
| instrumental
|
harkawan
|
harkakunawan
|
| comitative
|
harkantin
|
harkakunantin
|
| abessive
|
harkannaq
|
harkakunannaq
|
| comparative
|
harkahina
|
harkakunahina
|
| causative
|
harkarayku
|
harkakunarayku
|
| benefactive
|
harkapaq
|
harkakunapaq
|
| associative
|
harkapura
|
harkakunapura
|
| distributive
|
harkanka
|
harkakunanka
|
| exclusive
|
harkalla
|
harkakunalla
|
Possessive forms of harka
ñuqap - first-person singular
| ñuqap (my)
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
harkay
|
harkaykuna
|
| accusative
|
harkayta
|
harkaykunata
|
| dative
|
harkayman
|
harkaykunaman
|
| genitive
|
harkaypa
|
harkaykunap
|
| locative
|
harkaypi
|
harkaykunapi
|
| terminative
|
harkaykama
|
harkaykunakama
|
| ablative
|
harkaymanta
|
harkaykunamanta
|
| instrumental
|
harkaywan
|
harkaykunawan
|
| comitative
|
harkaynintin
|
harkaykunantin
|
| abessive
|
harkayninnaq
|
harkaykunannaq
|
| comparative
|
harkayhina
|
harkaykunahina
|
| causative
|
harkayrayku
|
harkaykunarayku
|
| benefactive
|
harkaypaq
|
harkaykunapaq
|
| associative
|
harkaypura
|
harkaykunapura
|
| distributive
|
harkayninka
|
harkaykunanka
|
| exclusive
|
harkaylla
|
harkaykunalla
|
qampa - second-person singular
| qampa (your)
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
harkayki
|
harkaykikuna
|
| accusative
|
harkaykita
|
harkaykikunata
|
| dative
|
harkaykiman
|
harkaykikunaman
|
| genitive
|
harkaykipa
|
harkaykikunap
|
| locative
|
harkaykipi
|
harkaykikunapi
|
| terminative
|
harkaykikama
|
harkaykikunakama
|
| ablative
|
harkaykimanta
|
harkaykikunamanta
|
| instrumental
|
harkaykiwan
|
harkaykikunawan
|
| comitative
|
harkaykintin
|
harkaykikunantin
|
| abessive
|
harkaykinnaq
|
harkaykikunannaq
|
| comparative
|
harkaykihina
|
harkaykikunahina
|
| causative
|
harkaykirayku
|
harkaykikunarayku
|
| benefactive
|
harkaykipaq
|
harkaykikunapaq
|
| associative
|
harkaykipura
|
harkaykikunapura
|
| distributive
|
harkaykinka
|
harkaykikunanka
|
| exclusive
|
harkaykilla
|
harkaykikunalla
|
paypa - third-person singular
| paypa (his/her/its)
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
harkan
|
harkankuna
|
| accusative
|
harkanta
|
harkankunata
|
| dative
|
harkanman
|
harkankunaman
|
| genitive
|
harkanpa
|
harkankunap
|
| locative
|
harkanpi
|
harkankunapi
|
| terminative
|
harkankama
|
harkankunakama
|
| ablative
|
harkanmanta
|
harkankunamanta
|
| instrumental
|
harkanwan
|
harkankunawan
|
| comitative
|
harkanintin
|
harkankunantin
|
| abessive
|
harkanninnaq
|
harkankunannaq
|
| comparative
|
harkanhina
|
harkankunahina
|
| causative
|
harkanrayku
|
harkankunarayku
|
| benefactive
|
harkanpaq
|
harkankunapaq
|
| associative
|
harkanpura
|
harkankunapura
|
| distributive
|
harkaninka
|
harkankunanka
|
| exclusive
|
harkanlla
|
harkankunalla
|
ñuqanchikpa - first-person inclusive plural
| ñuqanchikpa (our(incl))
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
harkanchik
|
harkanchikkuna
|
| accusative
|
harkanchikta
|
harkanchikkunata
|
| dative
|
harkanchikman
|
harkanchikkunaman
|
| genitive
|
harkanchikpa
|
harkanchikkunap
|
| locative
|
harkanchikpi
|
harkanchikkunapi
|
| terminative
|
harkanchikkama
|
harkanchikkunakama
|
| ablative
|
harkanchikmanta
|
harkanchikkunamanta
|
| instrumental
|
harkanchikwan
|
harkanchikkunawan
|
| comitative
|
harkanchiknintin
|
harkanchikkunantin
|
| abessive
|
harkanchikninnaq
|
harkanchikkunannaq
|
| comparative
|
harkanchikhina
|
harkanchikkunahina
|
| causative
|
harkanchikrayku
|
harkanchikkunarayku
|
| benefactive
|
harkanchikpaq
|
harkanchikkunapaq
|
| associative
|
harkanchikpura
|
harkanchikkunapura
|
| distributive
|
harkanchikninka
|
harkanchikkunanka
|
| exclusive
|
harkanchiklla
|
harkanchikkunalla
|
ñuqaykup - first-person exclusive plural
| ñuqaykup (our(excl))
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
harkayku
|
harkaykukuna
|
| accusative
|
harkaykuta
|
harkaykukunata
|
| dative
|
harkaykuman
|
harkaykukunaman
|
| genitive
|
harkaykupa
|
harkaykukunap
|
| locative
|
harkaykupi
|
harkaykukunapi
|
| terminative
|
harkaykukama
|
harkaykukunakama
|
| ablative
|
harkaykumanta
|
harkaykukunamanta
|
| instrumental
|
harkaykuwan
|
harkaykukunawan
|
| comitative
|
harkaykuntin
|
harkaykukunantin
|
| abessive
|
harkaykunnaq
|
harkaykukunannaq
|
| comparative
|
harkaykuhina
|
harkaykukunahina
|
| causative
|
harkaykurayku
|
harkaykukunarayku
|
| benefactive
|
harkaykupaq
|
harkaykukunapaq
|
| associative
|
harkaykupura
|
harkaykukunapura
|
| distributive
|
harkaykunka
|
harkaykukunanka
|
| exclusive
|
harkaykulla
|
harkaykukunalla
|
qamkunap - second-person plural
| qamkunap (your(pl))
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
harkaykichik
|
harkaykichikkuna
|
| accusative
|
harkaykichikta
|
harkaykichikkunata
|
| dative
|
harkaykichikman
|
harkaykichikkunaman
|
| genitive
|
harkaykichikpa
|
harkaykichikkunap
|
| locative
|
harkaykichikpi
|
harkaykichikkunapi
|
| terminative
|
harkaykichikkama
|
harkaykichikkunakama
|
| ablative
|
harkaykichikmanta
|
harkaykichikkunamanta
|
| instrumental
|
harkaykichikwan
|
harkaykichikkunawan
|
| comitative
|
harkaykichiknintin
|
harkaykichikkunantin
|
| abessive
|
harkaykichikninnaq
|
harkaykichikkunannaq
|
| comparative
|
harkaykichikhina
|
harkaykichikkunahina
|
| causative
|
harkaykichikrayku
|
harkaykichikkunarayku
|
| benefactive
|
harkaykichikpaq
|
harkaykichikkunapaq
|
| associative
|
harkaykichikpura
|
harkaykichikkunapura
|
| distributive
|
harkaykichikninka
|
harkaykichikkunanka
|
| exclusive
|
harkaykichiklla
|
harkaykichikkunalla
|
paykunap - third-person plural
| paykunap (their)
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
harkanku
|
harkankukuna
|
| accusative
|
harkankuta
|
harkankukunata
|
| dative
|
harkankuman
|
harkankukunaman
|
| genitive
|
harkankupa
|
harkankukunap
|
| locative
|
harkankupi
|
harkankukunapi
|
| terminative
|
harkankukama
|
harkankukunakama
|
| ablative
|
harkankumanta
|
harkankukunamanta
|
| instrumental
|
harkankuwan
|
harkankukunawan
|
| comitative
|
harkankuntin
|
harkankukunantin
|
| abessive
|
harkankunnaq
|
harkankukunannaq
|
| comparative
|
harkankuhina
|
harkankukunahina
|
| causative
|
harkankurayku
|
harkankukunarayku
|
| benefactive
|
harkankupaq
|
harkankukunapaq
|
| associative
|
harkankupura
|
harkankukunapura
|
| distributive
|
harkankunka
|
harkankukunanka
|
| exclusive
|
harkankulla
|
harkankukunalla
|
|