English
Etymology
From Middle English harmful, from Old English *hearmful (suggested by hearmfullīċ (“harmful; hurtful”)), equivalent to harm + -ful.
Cognate with German harmvoll, Danish harmfuld, Swedish harmfull.
Pronunciation
Adjective
harmful (comparative harmfuller or more harmful, superlative harmfullest or most harmful)
- Causing or likely to cause harm or damage; injurious.
Wear a hat to protect your skin from harmful sunlight.
Smoking is harmful to the lungs.
Burning fossil fuels is harmful to the environment.
Synonyms
Antonyms
Derived terms
Collocations
with nouns
- harmful effect
- harmful consequence
- harmful impact
- harmful influence
- harmful emission
- harmful chemical
- harmful ingredient
- harmful substance
- harmful gas
- harmful agent
- harmful additive
- harmful drug
- harmful radiation
- harmful dust
- harmful organism
- harmful plant
- harmful animal
- harmful insect
- harmful action
- harmful act
- harmful behavior
- harmful component
- harmful content
- harmful activity
- harmful interference
- harmful use
Translations
likely to be damaging
- Arabic: ضَارّ (ḍārr), مُضِرّ (muḍirr)
- Armenian: վնասակար (hy) (vnasakar), վնասաբեր (hy) (vnasaber)
- Asturian: dañible (ast), malín (ast), nocivu (ast)
- Azerbaijani: zərərli, ziyankar
- Belarusian: шко́дны (škódny), шкоднасны (škódnasny), шкадлі́вы (škadlívy)
- Bengali: ক্ষতিকর (bn) (khotikor), ক্ষতিকারক (bn) (khotikarok)
- Bulgarian: вреден (bg) (vreden), пакостен (bg) (pakosten)
- Catalan: nociu (ca)
- Chinese:
- Mandarin: 有害 (zh) (yǒuhài), 不良 (zh) (bùliáng)
- Czech: škodlivý (cs)
- Danish: skadelig (da)
- Dutch: schadelijk (nl)
- Finnish: vahingollinen (fi), haitallinen (fi)
- French: dangereux (fr), nuisible (fr), nocif (fr), préjudiciable (fr)
- Galician: perxudicial
- Georgian: საზიანო (saziano), მავნე (mavne)
- German: schädlich (de)
- Greek:
- Ancient: βλαπτικός (blaptikós), δηλητήριος (dēlētḗrios)
- Hindi: please add this translation if you can
- Hungarian: káros (hu), kártékony (hu)
- Icelandic: skaðlegur (is)
- Indonesian: berbahaya (id)
- Ingrian: vrednoi
- Irish: aimhleasach, biniúil, damáisteach, díobhálach, dochrach, éigineáil, mímhaitheasach, olc, olcach, urchóideach
- Italian: dannoso (it), nocivo (it)
- Japanese: 有害な (ja) (ゆうがいな, yūgai-na)
- Javanese: mbebayani
- Korean: 해로운 (haeroun), 유해한 (yuhaehan)
- Kurdish:
- Northern Kurdish: ziyanbexş (ku)
- Latin: nocuus, noxius
- Macedonian: штетен (šteten)
- Malay: berbahaya
- Maori: whakakino, whakawhara
- Norman: niêsibl'ye (Jersey)
- Norwegian: skadelig (no)
- Persian: مضر (fa)
- Plautdietsch: schätlich
- Polish: szkodliwy (pl)
- Portuguese: prejudicial (pt), nocivo (pt), danoso (pt), daninho (pt)
- Romanian: nociv (ro), prejudiciabil (ro), dăunător (ro), vătămător (ro), păgubitor (ro), stricător (ro)
- Russian: вре́дный (ru) (vrédnyj), вредоно́сный (ru) (vredonósnyj), зловре́дный (ru) (zlovrédnyj)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: шко̀дљив, шко̏дан, ште̏тан
- Roman: škòdljiv (sh), škȍdan (sh), štȅtan (sh)
- Slovak: škodlivý (sk)
- Slovene: škodljiv
- Spanish: perjudicial (es), dañino (es), nocivo (es), dañoso (es)
- Swedish: skadlig (sv)
- Tagalog: mapaminsala, nakapipinsala, nakasisira, nakasasama
- Telugu: హానికరమైన (te) (hānikaramaina)
- Turkish: zararlı (tr)
- Turkmen: zyýanly (tk)
- Ukrainian: шкідли́вий (škidlývyj), вадли́вий (uk) (vadlývyj)
- Urdu: مضر
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See also