himmel
Danish
Etymology
From Old Danish himæn, himæl, from Old Norse himinn, from Proto-Germanic *himinaz, cognate with Norwegian, Swedish himmel, English heaven, German Himmel. The modern Scandinavian form with -l is influenced by German.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /heməl/, [ˈheml̩]
Noun
himmel c (singular definite himlen or himmelen, plural indefinite himle)
Declension
| common gender |
singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | himmel | himlen himmelen |
himle | himlene |
| genitive | himmels | himlens himmelens |
himles | himlenes |
Derived terms
- himle
- himmelblå
- himmelbue
- himmelfalden
- himmelfart
- himmelflugt
- himmelhenrykt
- himmelhvælv
- himmelkugle
- himmellegeme
- himmelrum
- himmelseng
- himmelsk
- himmelstige
- himmelstormer
- himmelstrøg
- morgenhimmel
- nattehimmel
- sommerhimmel
- stjernehimmel
- tronhimmel
- vinterhimmel
References
- “himmel” in Den Danske Ordbog
German
Pronunciation
Audio: (file)
Verb
himmel
- inflection of himmeln:
- first-person singular present
- singular imperative
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
From Old Norse himinn, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *himinaz (“cloud cover, sky”). Influenced by German Himmel.
Noun
himmel m (definite singular himmelen, indefinite plural himler, definite plural himlene)
Derived terms
References
- “himmel” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology
From Old Norse himinn, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *himinaz (“cloud cover, sky”). Influenced by German Himmel.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /²hɪmːɛl/
Noun
himmel m (definite singular himmelen, indefinite plural himlar, definite plural himlane)
Derived terms
References
- “himmel” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Swedish
Etymology
From Old Swedish himil, from Old Saxon himil, from Proto-West Germanic *himil. Replaced Old Swedish himin, Old Norse himinn.[1]
Noun
himmel c
- sky
- 1933, Karin Boye, Merit vaknar[1], Albert Bonniers förlag, accessed at Litteraturbanken.se, courtesy of Göteborgs universitetsbibliotek, archived from the original on 9 May 2025, page 150:
- Inte en vind, inte ett ljud. Bara milt solsken, snö och blå himmel.
- Not a wind, not a sound. Just mild sunshine, snow, and blue sky.
- 1990, Anne Linnet, translated by Björn Afzelius, “Tusen bitar”, in Tusen bitar[2], performed by Björn Afzelius:
- Det sägs att ovan molnen är himlen alltid blå / Men det kan va svårt att tro när man inte ser den
- They say that above the clouds the sky is always blue / But it can be hard to believe when you can't see it
- 1999 November 17, 1973 års bibelkommission, “Uppenbarelseboken 6:13”, in Bibel 2000[3], © Svenska Bibelsällskapet, accessed at Bible.com, archived from the original on 9 May 2025:
- Och himlens stjärnor föll ner på jorden, liksom höstfikonen faller från trädet när det skakas av stormen.
- And the stars of the sky fell to the earth, as autumn figs fall from the tree when shaken by a storm.
- heaven
- 1905, Verner von Heidenstam, Folkungaträdet: Folke Filbyter[4], Albert Bonniers förlag, accessed at Litteraturbanken.se, courtesy of Göteborgs universitetsbibliotek, archived from the original on 9 May 2025, page 194:
- När jag var fånge hos Alp Arslan, fick jag heta vantrogen, därför att jag inte trodde på de sju himlarna.
- When I was a prisoner of Alp Arslan, I was called an infidel, because I did not believe in the seven heavens.
- 1999 November 17, 1973 års bibelkommission, “Lukasevangeliet 21:33”, in Bibel 2000[5], © Svenska Bibelsällskapet, accessed at Bible.com, archived from the original on 9 May 2025:
- Himmel och jord skall förgå, men mina ord skall aldrig förgå.
- Heaven and earth will pass away, but my words will never pass away.
- 2005 February 23, Måns Asplund & Jason Diakité, “Alla vill till himmelen men ingen vill dö”, in Alla vill till himmelen men ingen vill dö[6], performed by Timbuktu:
- Alla vill till himmelen men få vill ju dö / Man vill kamma in vinningen, men sår inga frön
- Everyone wants to go to heaven, but few of us want to die / We want to reap the benefits, but sow no seeds
Usage notes
1. Alternative spellings for the definite singular exist:
Similar for the genitive.
2. The dative plural himlom (instead of himmelen) is dated, but occurs in, e.g., older religious literature.
Declension
| nominative | genitive | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | indefinite | himmel | himmels |
| definite | himlen | himlens | |
| plural | indefinite | himlar | himlars |
| definite | himlarna | himlarnas |