hlala
Fanagalo
Etymology
From Zulu -hlala, from Proto-Bantu *-jìkada, extensive form of *-jìka.
Verb
hlala
Lala (South Africa)
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-jìkada, extensive form of *-jìka.
Verb
-hlala
- to sit
Northern Ndebele
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-jìkada, extensive form of *-jìka.
Verb
-hlala
- to sit
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Phuthi
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-jìkada, extensive form of *-jìka.
Verb
-hlala
- to live
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Southern Ndebele
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-jìkada, extensive form of *-jìka.
Verb
-hlala
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Swazi
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-jìkada, extensive form of *-jìka.
Verb
-hlala
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Xhosa
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-jìkada, extensive form of *-jìka.
Verb
-hlala
- (intransitive) to live
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Zulu
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-jìkada, extensive form of *-jìka.
Verb
-hlala
Inflection
| positive | negative | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | ukuhlala | ukungahlali | ||||
| imperative | ||||||
| simple | + object concord | |||||
| singular | hlala | -hlale | ||||
| plural | hlalani | -hlaleni | ||||
| stative | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngihleli, ngihlezi | engihleli, engihlezi | ngihleli, ngihlezi | angihleli, angihlezi | engingahleli, engingahlezi | ngingahleli, ngingahlezi |
| 2nd singular | uhleli, uhlezi | ohleli, ohlezi | uhleli, uhlezi | awuhleli, awuhlezi | ongahleli, ongahlezi | ungahleli, ungahlezi |
| 1st plural | sihleli, sihlezi | esihleli, esihlezi | sihleli, sihlezi | asihleli, asihlezi | esingahleli, esingahlezi | singahleli, singahlezi |
| 2nd plural | nihleli, nihlezi | enihleli, enihlezi | nihleli, nihlezi | anihleli, anihlezi | eningahleli, eningahlezi | ningahleli, ningahlezi |
| class 1 | uhleli, uhlezi | ohleli, ohlezi | ehleli, ehlezi | akahleli, akahlezi | ongahleli, ongahlezi | engahleli, engahlezi |
| class 2 | bahleli, bahlezi | abahleli, abahlezi | behleli, behlezi | abahleli, abahlezi | abangahleli, abangahlezi | bengahleli, bengahlezi |
| class 3 | uhleli, uhlezi | ohleli, ohlezi | uhleli, uhlezi | awuhleli, awuhlezi | ongahleli, ongahlezi | ongahleli, ongahlezi |
| class 4 | ihleli, ihlezi | ehleli, ehlezi | ihleli, ihlezi | ayihleli, ayihlezi | engahleli, engahlezi | ingahleli, ingahlezi |
| class 5 | lihleli, lihlezi | elihleli, elihlezi | lihleli, lihlezi | alihleli, alihlezi | elingahleli, elingahlezi | lingahleli, lingahlezi |
| class 6 | ahleli, ahlezi | ahleli, ahlezi | ehleli, ehlezi | awahleli, awahlezi | angahleli, angahlezi | engahleli, engahlezi |
| class 7 | sihleli, sihlezi | esihleli, esihlezi | sihleli, sihlezi | asihleli, asihlezi | esingahleli, esingahlezi | singahleli, singahlezi |
| class 8 | zihleli, zihlezi | ezihleli, ezihlezi | zihleli, zihlezi | azihleli, azihlezi | ezingahleli, ezingahlezi | zingahleli, zingahlezi |
| class 9 | ihleli, ihlezi | ehleli, ehlezi | ihleli, ihlezi | ayihleli, ayihlezi | engahleli, engahlezi | ingahleli, ingahlezi |
| class 10 | zihleli, zihlezi | ezihleli, ezihlezi | zihleli, zihlezi | azihleli, azihlezi | ezingahleli, ezingahlezi | zingahleli, zingahlezi |
| class 11 | luhleli, luhlezi | oluhleli, oluhlezi | luhleli, luhlezi | aluhleli, aluhlezi | olungahleli, olungahlezi | lungahleli, lungahlezi |
| class 14 | buhleli, buhlezi | obuhleli, obuhlezi | buhleli, buhlezi | abuhleli, abuhlezi | obungahleli, obungahlezi | bungahleli, bungahlezi |
| class 15 | kuhleli, kuhlezi | okuhleli, okuhlezi | kuhleli, kuhlezi | akuhleli, akuhlezi | okungahleli, okungahlezi | kungahleli, kungahlezi |
| class 17 | kuhleli, kuhlezi | okuhleli, okuhlezi | kuhleli, kuhlezi | akuhleli, akuhlezi | okungahleli, okungahlezi | kungahleli, kungahlezi |
| present | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyahlala, ngihlala | engihlalayo, engihlala | ngihlala | angihlali | engingahlali | ngingahlali |
| 2nd singular | uyahlala, uhlala | ohlalayo, ohlala | uhlala | awuhlali | ongahlali | ungahlali |
| 1st plural | siyahlala, sihlala | esihlalayo, esihlala | sihlala | asihlali | esingahlali | singahlali |
| 2nd plural | niyahlala, nihlala | enihlalayo, enihlala | nihlala | anihlali | eningahlali | ningahlali |
| class 1 | uyahlala, uhlala | ohlalayo, ohlala | ehlala | akahlali | ongahlali | engahlali |
| class 2 | bayahlala, bahlala | abahlalayo, abahlala | behlala | abahlali | abangahlali | bengahlali |
| class 3 | uyahlala, uhlala | ohlalayo, ohlala | uhlala | awuhlali | ongahlali | ungahlali |
| class 4 | iyahlala, ihlala | ehlalayo, ehlala | ihlala | ayihlali | engahlali | ingahlali |
| class 5 | liyahlala, lihlala | elihlalayo, elihlala | lihlala | alihlali | elingahlali | lingahlali |
| class 6 | ayahlala, ahlala | ahlalayo, ahlala | ehlala | awahlali | angahlali | engahlali |
| class 7 | siyahlala, sihlala | esihlalayo, esihlala | sihlala | asihlali | esingahlali | singahlali |
| class 8 | ziyahlala, zihlala | ezihlalayo, ezihlala | zihlala | azihlali | ezingahlali | zingahlali |
| class 9 | iyahlala, ihlala | ehlalayo, ehlala | ihlala | ayihlali | engahlali | ingahlali |
| class 10 | ziyahlala, zihlala | ezihlalayo, ezihlala | zihlala | azihlali | ezingahlali | zingahlali |
| class 11 | luyahlala, luhlala | oluhlalayo, oluhlala | luhlala | aluhlali | olungahlali | lungahlali |
| class 14 | buyahlala, buhlala | obuhlalayo, obuhlala | buhlala | abuhlali | obungahlali | bungahlali |
| class 15 | kuyahlala, kuhlala | okuhlalayo, okuhlala | kuhlala | akuhlali | okungahlali | kungahlali |
| class 17 | kuyahlala, kuhlala | okuhlalayo, okuhlala | kuhlala | akuhlali | okungahlali | kungahlali |
| recent past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngihlalile, ngihlalē | engihlalile, engihlalē | ngihlalile, ngihlalē | angihlalanga | engingahlalanga | ngingahlalanga |
| 2nd singular | uhlalile, uhlalē | ohlalile, ohlalē | uhlalile, uhlalē | awuhlalanga | ongahlalanga | ungahlalanga |
| 1st plural | sihlalile, sihlalē | esihlalile, esihlalē | sihlalile, sihlalē | asihlalanga | esingahlalanga | singahlalanga |
| 2nd plural | nihlalile, nihlalē | enihlalile, enihlalē | nihlalile, nihlalē | anihlalanga | eningahlalanga | ningahlalanga |
| class 1 | uhlalile, uhlalē | ohlalile, ohlalē | ehlalile, ehlalē | akahlalanga | ongahlalanga | engahlalanga |
| class 2 | bahlalile, bahlalē | abahlalile, abahlalē | behlalile, behlalē | abahlalanga | abangahlalanga | bengahlalanga |
| class 3 | uhlalile, uhlalē | ohlalile, ohlalē | uhlalile, uhlalē | awuhlalanga | ongahlalanga | ungahlalanga |
| class 4 | ihlalile, ihlalē | ehlalile, ehlalē | ihlalile, ihlalē | ayihlalanga | engahlalanga | ingahlalanga |
| class 5 | lihlalile, lihlalē | elihlalile, elihlalē | lihlalile, lihlalē | alihlalanga | elingahlalanga | lingahlalanga |
| class 6 | ahlalile, ahlalē | ahlalile, ahlalē | ehlalile, ehlalē | awahlalanga | angahlalanga | engahlalanga |
| class 7 | sihlalile, sihlalē | esihlalile, esihlalē | sihlalile, sihlalē | asihlalanga | esingahlalanga | singahlalanga |
| class 8 | zihlalile, zihlalē | ezihlalile, ezihlalē | zihlalile, zihlalē | azihlalanga | ezingahlalanga | zingahlalanga |
| class 9 | ihlalile, ihlalē | ehlalile, ehlalē | ihlalile, ihlalē | ayihlalanga | engahlalanga | ingahlalanga |
| class 10 | zihlalile, zihlalē | ezihlalile, ezihlalē | zihlalile, zihlalē | azihlalanga | ezingahlalanga | zingahlalanga |
| class 11 | luhlalile, luhlalē | oluhlalile, oluhlalē | luhlalile, luhlalē | aluhlalanga | olungahlalanga | lungahlalanga |
| class 14 | buhlalile, buhlalē | obuhlalile, obuhlalē | buhlalile, buhlalē | abuhlalanga | obungahlalanga | bungahlalanga |
| class 15 | kuhlalile, kuhlalē | okuhlalile, okuhlalē | kuhlalile, kuhlalē | akuhlalanga | okungahlalanga | kungahlalanga |
| class 17 | kuhlalile, kuhlalē | okuhlalile, okuhlalē | kuhlalile, kuhlalē | akuhlalanga | okungahlalanga | kungahlalanga |
| remote past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngāhlala | engāhlala | ngāhlala | angihlalanga | engingahlalanga | ngingahlalanga |
| 2nd singular | wāhlala | owāhlala | wāhlala | awuhlalanga | ongahlalanga | ungahlalanga |
| 1st plural | sāhlala | esāhlala | sāhlala | asihlalanga | esingahlalanga | singahlalanga |
| 2nd plural | nāhlala | enāhlala | nāhlala | anihlalanga | eningahlalanga | ningahlalanga |
| class 1 | wāhlala | owāhlala | āhlala | akahlalanga | ongahlalanga | engahlalanga |
| class 2 | bāhlala | abāhlala | bāhlala | abahlalanga | abangahlalanga | bengahlalanga |
| class 3 | wāhlala | owāhlala | wāhlala | awuhlalanga | ongahlalanga | ungahlalanga |
| class 4 | yāhlala | eyāhlala | yāhlala | ayihlalanga | engahlalanga | ingahlalanga |
| class 5 | lāhlala | elāhlala | lāhlala | alihlalanga | elingahlalanga | lingahlalanga |
| class 6 | āhlala | āhlala | āhlala | awahlalanga | angahlalanga | engahlalanga |
| class 7 | sāhlala | esāhlala | sāhlala | asihlalanga | esingahlalanga | singahlalanga |
| class 8 | zāhlala | ezāhlala | zāhlala | azihlalanga | ezingahlalanga | zingahlalanga |
| class 9 | yāhlala | eyāhlala | yāhlala | ayihlalanga | engahlalanga | ingahlalanga |
| class 10 | zāhlala | ezāhlala | zāhlala | azihlalanga | ezingahlalanga | zingahlalanga |
| class 11 | lwāhlala | olwāhlala | lwāhlala | aluhlalanga | olungahlalanga | lungahlalanga |
| class 14 | bāhlala | obāhlala | bāhlala | abuhlalanga | obungahlalanga | bungahlalanga |
| class 15 | kwāhlala | okwāhlala | kwāhlala | akuhlalanga | okungahlalanga | kungahlalanga |
| class 17 | kwāhlala | okwāhlala | kwāhlala | akuhlalanga | okungahlalanga | kungahlalanga |
| potential | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngingahlala | — | ngingahlala | ngingehlale | — | ngingehlale |
| 2nd singular | ungahlala | — | ungahlala | ungehlale | — | ungehlale |
| 1st plural | singahlala | — | singahlala | singehlale | — | singehlale |
| 2nd plural | ningahlala | — | ningahlala | ningehlale | — | ningehlale |
| class 1 | angahlala | — | engahlala | angehlale | — | engehlale |
| class 2 | bangahlala | — | bengahlala | bangehlale | — | bengehlale |
| class 3 | ungahlala | — | ungahlala | ungehlale | — | ungehlale |
| class 4 | ingahlala | — | ingahlala | ingehlale | — | ingehlale |
| class 5 | lingahlala | — | lingahlala | lingehlale | — | lingehlale |
| class 6 | angahlala | — | engahlala | angehlale | — | engehlale |
| class 7 | singahlala | — | singahlala | singehlale | — | singehlale |
| class 8 | zingahlala | — | zingahlala | zingehlale | — | zingehlale |
| class 9 | ingahlala | — | ingahlala | ingehlale | — | ingehlale |
| class 10 | zingahlala | — | zingahlala | zingehlale | — | zingehlale |
| class 11 | lungahlala | — | lungahlala | lungehlale | — | lungehlale |
| class 14 | bungahlala | — | bungahlala | bungehlale | — | bungehlale |
| class 15 | kungahlala | — | kungahlala | kungehlale | — | kungehlale |
| class 17 | kungahlala | — | kungahlala | kungehlale | — | kungehlale |
| immediate future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngizohlala | engizohlala | ngizohlala | angizuhlala | engingezuhlala | ngingezuhlala |
| 2nd singular | uzohlala | ozohlala | uzohlala | awuzuhlala | ongezuhlala | ungezuhlala |
| 1st plural | sizohlala | esizohlala | sizohlala | asizuhlala | esingezuhlala | singezuhlala |
| 2nd plural | nizohlala | enizohlala | nizohlala | anizuhlala | eningezuhlala | ningezuhlala |
| class 1 | uzohlala | ozohlala | ezohlala | akazuhlala | ongezuhlala | engezuhlala |
| class 2 | bazohlala | abazohlala | bezohlala | abazuhlala | abangezuhlala | bengezuhlala |
| class 3 | uzohlala | ozohlala | uzohlala | awuzuhlala | ongezuhlala | ungezuhlala |
| class 4 | izohlala | ezohlala | izohlala | ayizuhlala | engezuhlala | ingezuhlala |
| class 5 | lizohlala | elizohlala | lizohlala | alizuhlala | elingezuhlala | lingezuhlala |
| class 6 | azohlala | azohlala | ezohlala | awazuhlala | angezuhlala | engezuhlala |
| class 7 | sizohlala | esizohlala | sizohlala | asizuhlala | esingezuhlala | singezuhlala |
| class 8 | zizohlala | ezizohlala | zizohlala | azizuhlala | ezingezuhlala | zingezuhlala |
| class 9 | izohlala | ezohlala | izohlala | ayizuhlala | engezuhlala | ingezuhlala |
| class 10 | zizohlala | ezizohlala | zizohlala | azizuhlala | ezingezuhlala | zingezuhlala |
| class 11 | luzohlala | oluzohlala | luzohlala | aluzuhlala | olungezuhlala | lungezuhlala |
| class 14 | buzohlala | obuzohlala | buzohlala | abuzuhlala | obungezuhlala | bungezuhlala |
| class 15 | kuzohlala | okuzohlala | kuzohlala | akuzuhlala | okungezuhlala | kungezuhlala |
| class 17 | kuzohlala | okuzohlala | kuzohlala | akuzuhlala | okungezuhlala | kungezuhlala |
| remote future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyohlala | engiyohlala | ngiyohlala | angiyuhlala | engingeyuhlala | ngingeyuhlala |
| 2nd singular | uyohlala | oyohlala | uyohlala | awuyuhlala | ongeyuhlala | ungeyuhlala |
| 1st plural | siyohlala | esiyohlala | siyohlala | asiyuhlala | esingeyuhlala | singeyuhlala |
| 2nd plural | niyohlala | eniyohlala | niyohlala | aniyuhlala | eningeyuhlala | ningeyuhlala |
| class 1 | uyohlala | oyohlala | eyohlala | akayuhlala | ongeyuhlala | engeyuhlala |
| class 2 | bayohlala | abayohlala | beyohlala | abayuhlala | abangeyuhlala | bengeyuhlala |
| class 3 | uyohlala | oyohlala | uyohlala | awuyuhlala | ongeyuhlala | ungeyuhlala |
| class 4 | iyohlala | eyohlala | iyohlala | ayiyuhlala | engeyuhlala | ingeyuhlala |
| class 5 | liyohlala | eliyohlala | liyohlala | aliyuhlala | elingeyuhlala | lingeyuhlala |
| class 6 | ayohlala | ayohlala | eyohlala | awayuhlala | angeyuhlala | engeyuhlala |
| class 7 | siyohlala | esiyohlala | siyohlala | asiyuhlala | esingeyuhlala | singeyuhlala |
| class 8 | ziyohlala | eziyohlala | ziyohlala | aziyuhlala | ezingeyuhlala | zingeyuhlala |
| class 9 | iyohlala | eyohlala | iyohlala | ayiyuhlala | engeyuhlala | ingeyuhlala |
| class 10 | ziyohlala | eziyohlala | ziyohlala | aziyuhlala | ezingeyuhlala | zingeyuhlala |
| class 11 | luyohlala | oluyohlala | luyohlala | aluyuhlala | olungeyuhlala | lungeyuhlala |
| class 14 | buyohlala | obuyohlala | buyohlala | abuyuhlala | obungeyuhlala | bungeyuhlala |
| class 15 | kuyohlala | okuyohlala | kuyohlala | akuyuhlala | okungeyuhlala | kungeyuhlala |
| class 17 | kuyohlala | okuyohlala | kuyohlala | akuyuhlala | okungeyuhlala | kungeyuhlala |
| present subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngihlale | ngingahlali | ||||
| 2nd singular | uhlale | ungahlali | ||||
| 1st plural | sihlale | singahlali | ||||
| 2nd plural | nihlale | ningahlali | ||||
| class 1 | ahlale | angahlali | ||||
| class 2 | bahlale | bangahlali | ||||
| class 3 | uhlale | ungahlali | ||||
| class 4 | ihlale | ingahlali | ||||
| class 5 | lihlale | lingahlali | ||||
| class 6 | ahlale | angahlali | ||||
| class 7 | sihlale | singahlali | ||||
| class 8 | zihlale | zingahlali | ||||
| class 9 | ihlale | ingahlali | ||||
| class 10 | zihlale | zingahlali | ||||
| class 11 | luhlale | lungahlali | ||||
| class 14 | buhlale | bungahlali | ||||
| class 15 | kuhlale | kungahlali | ||||
| class 17 | kuhlale | kungahlali | ||||
| past subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngahlala | ngangahlala, angahlala, angangahlala | ||||
| 2nd singular | wahlala | wangahlala, awahlala, awangahlala | ||||
| 1st plural | sahlala | sangahlala, asahlala, asangahlala | ||||
| 2nd plural | nahlala | nangahlala, anahlala, anangahlala | ||||
| class 1 | wahlala | wangahlala, akahlala, akangahlala | ||||
| class 2 | bahlala | bangahlala, abahlala, abangahlala | ||||
| class 3 | wahlala | wangahlala, awahlala, awangahlala | ||||
| class 4 | yahlala | yangahlala, ayahlala, ayangahlala | ||||
| class 5 | lahlala | langahlala, alahlala, alangahlala | ||||
| class 6 | ahlala | angahlala, awahlala, awangahlala | ||||
| class 7 | sahlala | sangahlala, asahlala, asangahlala | ||||
| class 8 | zahlala | zangahlala, azahlala, azangahlala | ||||
| class 9 | yahlala | yangahlala, ayahlala, ayangahlala | ||||
| class 10 | zahlala | zangahlala, azahlala, azangahlala | ||||
| class 11 | lwahlala | lwangahlala, alwahlala, alwangahlala | ||||
| class 14 | bahlala | bangahlala, abahlala, abangahlala | ||||
| class 15 | kwahlala | kwangahlala, akwahlala, akwangahlala | ||||
| class 17 | kwahlala | kwangahlala, akwahlala, akwangahlala | ||||
Related terms
References
- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “hlala”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “hlala (3.9)”