hryggur

Icelandic

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈr̥ɪkːʏr/
    Rhymes: -ɪkːʏr

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *hrewwjaz, related to the verb *hrewwaną (to cause regret). Cognate with English rue.

Adjective

hryggur (comparative hryggari, superlative hryggastur)

  1. sad, regretful, sorrowful, woeful
Declension
Positive forms of hryggur
strong declension
(indefinite)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative hryggur hrygg hryggt
accusative hryggan hrygga
dative hryggum hryggri hryggu
genitive hryggs hryggrar hryggs
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative hryggir hryggar hrygg
accusative hrygga
dative hryggum
genitive hryggra
weak declension
(definite)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative hryggi hrygga hrygga
acc/dat/gen hrygga hryggu
plural (all-case) hryggu
Comparative forms of hryggur
weak declension
(definite)
masculine feminine neuter
singular (all-case) hryggari hryggari hryggara
plural (all-case) hryggari
Superlative forms of hryggur
strong declension
(indefinite)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative hryggastur hryggust hryggast
accusative hryggastan hryggasta
dative hryggustum hryggastri hryggustu
genitive hryggasts hryggastrar hryggasts
plural masculine feminine neuter
nominative hryggastir hryggastar hryggust
accusative hryggasta
dative hryggustum
genitive hryggastra
weak declension
(definite)
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative hryggasti hryggasta hryggasta
acc/dat/gen hryggasta hryggustu
plural (all-case) hryggustu

Etymology 2

From Old Norse hryggr.

Noun

hryggur m (genitive singular hryggjar or (uncommon except in compounds, sometimes proscribed) hryggs, nominative plural hryggir)

  1. (anatomy) the spine, the back
    • 1928, Krummavísa (“Raven Song”, on the Icelandic Wikisource) by Jón Ásgeirsson
      Krummi krunkar úti,
      kallar á nafna sinn:
      „Ég fann höfuð af hrúti
      hrygg og gæruskinn.“
      Komdu nú og kroppaðu með mér,
      krummi nafni minn.
      “Krummi croaks outside,
      calling his namesake:
      ‘I found the head of a ram,
      backbone and sheepskin.’
      Come now and peck with me,
      Krummi, my namesake.”
  2. (landscape) a ridge
    Synonym: fjallsás
Declension
Declension of hryggur (masculine)
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative hryggur hryggurinn hryggir hryggirnir
accusative hrygg hrygginn hryggi hryggina
dative hrygg hryggnum hryggjum hryggjunum
genitive hryggjar, hryggs1 hryggjarins, hryggsins1 hryggja hryggjanna

1Uncommon except in compounds, sometimes proscribed.

Derived terms
  • mjóhryggur