Egyptian
Etymology 1
From jp (“to count, to assess, to assign”) + -t.
Pronunciation
- (reconstructed) IPA(key): /ˈjapjVt/ → /ˈjapjVʔ/ → /ˈʔajpa/ → /ˈʔajpə/
Noun
f
- oipe, a dry measure of volume equivalent to 4 ḥqꜣwt (about 19.2 litres or 0.54 bushels) [since the 18th Dynasty]
- ― m jpt ― in units of an oipe, in oipes
- vessel for measuring oipes
- ― jpt šbn ― oipe-vessels of various sizes
Inflection
Declension of jpt (feminine)
| singular
|
jpt
|
| dual
|
jptj
|
| plural
|
jpwt
|
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jpt
|
|
|
| jpt
|
jpt
|
|
|
[New Kingdom]
|
|
|
in hieratic
|
Descendants
- Demotic: jpy.t, jpy, jp.t
- Akhmimic Coptic: ⲁⲉⲓⲡⲉ (aeipe)
- Bohairic Coptic: ⲱⲓⲡⲓ (ōipi)
- Fayyumic Coptic: ⲁⲓⲡⲓ (aipi), ⲁⲓⲡⲉ (aipe)
- Sahidic Coptic: ⲟⲉⲓⲡⲉ (oeipe), ⲟⲓⲡⲉ (oipe), ⲉⲓⲟⲡⲉ (eiope)
- → Ancient Greek: οἰφί (oiphí), ἴφι (íphi)
- → Hebrew: אֵיפָה (ʾêp̄â)
Etymology 2
From jp (“to count, to assess, to assign”) + -t; as shown by the Coptic descendants, the construction is not the same as in the term of measurement above.
Pronunciation
- (reconstructed) IPA(key): /ˈjuːpVt/ → /ˈjuːpVʔ/ → /ˈʔuːpa/ → /ˈʔeːpə/
Noun
f
- count, enumeration
- census
- accounting, reckoning, weighing up of accounts (literal or figurative) (+ ḥnꜥ: with)
- c. 2112–2063 BCE, reign of Intef II, Stele of Tjetji (British Museum EA 614), line 11:
- jw jr.n(.j) mẖꜣ n nwt(.j) zḥyt r šms nb jpt ḥnꜥ wrw tr nb n(j) sšm hꜣb
- I made a marsh-boat for my city, a booth-boat for every service: the accounting with the nobles, and every occasion of a task or mission.
- number, quantity (of something)
Inflection
Declension of jpt (feminine)
| singular
|
jpt
|
| dual
|
jptj
|
| plural
|
jpwt
|
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jpt
|
|
|
| jpj
|
jp
|
| [Greco-Roman Period]
|
[Greco-Roman Period]
|
Descendants
- Demotic: jp, jp.t, jpy.t
- Akhmimic Coptic: ⲏⲡⲉ (ēpe)
- Bohairic Coptic: ⲏⲡⲓ (ēpi)
- Fayyumic Coptic: ⲏⲡⲓ (ēpi), ⲏⲡⲉ (ēpe), ⲏⲏⲡⲉ (ēēpe)
- Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲏⲡⲉ (ēpe)
- Sahidic Coptic: ⲏⲡⲉ (ēpe), ⲏⲏⲡⲉ (ēēpe)
Etymology 3
Pronunciation
Noun
f
- inner or private chamber of a building in general
- women’s apartments, gynaeceum, harem [since the Old Kingdom]
- inner sanctum of a temple
Inflection
Declension of jpt (feminine)
| singular
|
jpt
|
| dual
|
jptj
|
| plural
|
jpwt
|
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jpt
|
|
|
|
|
|
| jpt
|
jpt
|
jpꜣ
|
jpꜣ
|
jpꜣt
|
|
|
[Old Kingdom]
|
[Middle Kingdom]
|
[Middle Kingdom]
|
[Middle Kingdom]
|
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jpt
|
|
|
|
|
|
| jpt
|
jpt
|
jpt
|
jpt
|
jpt
|
| [Second Intermediate Period]
|
[18th Dynasty]
|
[18th Dynasty]
|
[since the 19th Dynasty]
|
[since the 19th Dynasty]
|
| from Papyrus Westcar
|
Derived terms
Descendants
Proper noun
f
- the temple of Luxor
- Synonym: jpt-rst
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jpt
Derived terms
Descendants
- Demotic: jpy
- → Ancient Greek: Ἀπις (Apis)
- ⇒ Demotic: tꜣ-jpy
- → Ancient Greek: Θῆβαι (Thêbai)
- Sahidic Coptic: ⲁⲡⲉ (ape)
- ⇒ Sahidic Coptic: ⲡⲁⲡⲉ (pape)
Proper noun
f
- the goddess Ipet
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jpt
Derived terms
Descendants
Etymology 4
Probably shortened from the fuller form jpt-ḥmt(.s); see that entry for further details.
Pronunciation
Proper noun
f
- the month of Epeiph
- Synonyms: jpt-ḥmt, jpj-jpj
- the festival of Epiphi, taking place on the first or second day of the next month, Mesore [18th Dynasty and Greco-Roman Period]
- Synonyms: jpt-ḥmt, jpj-jpj
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jpt
|
|
|
| jpj
|
jpj
|
| [Greco-Roman Period]
|
[Greco-Roman Period]
|
| as a festival
|
as a festival
|
Coordinate terms
Derived terms
Etymology 5
Pronunciation
Noun
f
- cup [Kushite and Greco-Roman Periods]
Inflection
Declension of jpt (feminine)
| singular
|
jpt
|
| dual
|
jptj
|
| plural
|
jpwt
|
Descendants
- Demotic: jpt
- Bohairic Coptic: ⲁⲫⲟⲧ (aphot)
- Fayyumic Coptic: ⲁⲡⲁⲧ (apat)
- Sahidic Coptic: ⲁⲡⲟⲧ (apot)
References
- “jp.t (lemma ID 24120)”, “jp.t (lemma ID 24110)”, “jp.t (lemma ID 24140)”, “jp.t (lemma ID 24130)”, “Jp.t (lemma ID 24160)”, “Jp.t (lemma ID 24170)”, “Jp.t (lemma ID 24150)”, and “jpt (lemma ID 24480)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae[1], Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
- Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache[2], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 66.22–66.24, 67.6–67.12, 67.13–68.7, 68.11, 68.15–68.16, 69.17
- Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, pages 16–17
- James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 106.
- “Apis (Luxor)” at Trismegistos (TM Geo 2985)
- ^ Osing, Jürgen (1976) Die Nominalbildung des Ägyptischen, Mainz/Rhein: von Zabern, →ISBN, page 186