kaklema
Estonian
Etymology
Derived from katkema (“to stop, to halt, to break in two, to stop temporarily”).
Verb
kaklema (da-infinitive kakelda)
- to fight
Conjugation
Conjugation of kaklema (ÕS type 30/vaidlema, no gradation)
| indicative | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | kaklen | ei kakle | 1st sing. | olen kakelnud | ei ole kakelnud pole kakelnud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | kakled | 2nd sing. | oled kakelnud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | kakleb | 3rd sing. | on kakelnud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | kakleme | 1st plur. | oleme kakelnud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | kaklete | 2nd plur. | olete kakelnud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | kaklevad | 3rd plur. | on kakelnud | ||||||
| impersonal | kakeldakse | ei kakelda | impersonal | on kakeldud | ei ole kakeldud pole kakeldud | ||||
| past | pluperfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | kaklesin | ei kakelnud | 1st sing. | olin kakelnud | ei olnud kakelnud polnud kakelnud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | kaklesid | 2nd sing. | olid kakelnud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | kakles | 3rd sing. | oli kakelnud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | kaklesime | 1st plur. | olime kakelnud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | kaklesite | 2nd plur. | olite kakelnud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | kaklesid | 3rd plur. | oli kakelnud | ||||||
| impersonal | kakeldi | ei kakeldud | impersonal | oli kakeldud | ei olnud kakeldud polnud kakeldud | ||||
| conditional | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | kakleksin | ei kakleks | 1st sing. | kakelnuksin oleksin kakelnud |
ei kakelnuks ei oleks kakelnud poleks kakelnud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | kakleksid | 2nd sing. | kakelnuksid oleksid kakelnud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | kakleks | 3rd sing. | kakelnuks oleks kakelnud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | kakleksime | 1st plur. | kakelnuksime oleksime kakelnud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | kakleksite | 2nd plur. | kakelnuksite oleksite kakelnud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | kakleksid | 3rd plur. | kakelnuksid oleksid kakelnud | ||||||
| impersonal | kakeldaks | ei kakeldaks | impersonal | oleks kakeldud | ei oleks kakeldud poleks kakeldud | ||||
| imperative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||
| 2nd sing. | kakle | ära kakle | 2nd sing. | ole kakelnud | ära ole kakelnud | ||||
| 3rd sing. | kakelgu | ärgu kakelgu | 3rd sing. | olgu kakelnud | ärgu olgu kakelnud | ||||
| 1st plur. | kakelgem | ärme kakleme ärme kakle ärgem kakelgem |
1st plur. | olgem kakelnud | ärme oleme kakelnud ärme ole kakelnud ärgem olgem kakelnud | ||||
| 2nd plur. | kakelge | ärge kakelge | 2nd plur. | olge kakelnud | ärge olge kakelnud | ||||
| 3rd plur. | kakelgu | ärgu kakelgu | 3rd plur. | olgu kakelnud | ärgu olgu kakelnud | ||||
| impersonal | kakeldagu | ärgu kakeldagu | impersonal | olgu kakeldud | ärgu olgu kakeldud | ||||
| quotative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| voice | positive | negative | voice | positive | negative | ||||
| active | kaklevat | ei kaklevat | active | olevat kakelnud | ei olevat kakelnud polevat kakelnud | ||||
| passive | kakeldavat | ei kakeldavat | passive | olevat kakeldud | ei olevat kakeldud polevat kakeldud | ||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||
| ma-infinitive | active | passive | da-infinitive | present | past | ||||
| nominative | kaklema | kakeldama | nominative | kakelda | olla kakelnud | ||||
| illative | — | inessive | kakeldes | olles kakelnud | |||||
| inessive | kaklemas | participle | active | passive | |||||
| elative | kaklemast | present | kaklev | kakeldav | |||||
| translative | kaklemaks | past | kakelnud | kakeldud | |||||
| abessive | kaklemata | negative | kaklematu | — | |||||