kotrljati

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kotъrljati. ^[1] First attested in the 17th century.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kotřʎati/
Hyphenation: ko‧tr‧lja‧ti

Verb

kotr̀ljati impf (Cyrillic spelling котр̀љати)

(transitive, reflexive) to roll

Conjugation

Conjugation of *kotrljati*
		singular			plural
infinitive		kotrljati
present verbal adverb		kotr̀ljajūći
past verbal adverb		—
verbal noun		kotr̀ljānje

		1^st	2^nd	3^rd	1^st	2^nd	3^rd
present		kotrljam	kotrljaš	kotrlja	kotrljamo	kotrljate	kotrljaju
future	future I	kotrljat ću¹ kotrljaću	kotrljat ćeš¹ kotrljaćeš	kotrljat će¹ kotrljaće	kotrljat ćemo¹ kotrljaćemo	kotrljat ćete¹ kotrljaćete	kotrljat ćē¹ kotrljaće
future	future II	bȕdēm kotrljao²	bȕdēš kotrljao²	bȕdē kotrljao²	bȕdēmo kotrljali²	bȕdēte kotrljali²	bȕdū kotrljali²
past	perfect	kotrljao sam²	kotrljao si²	kotrljao je²	kotrljali smo²	kotrljali ste²	kotrljali su²
	pluperfect³	bȉo sam kotrljao²	bȉo si kotrljao²	bȉo je kotrljao²	bíli smo kotrljali²	bíli ste kotrljali²	bíli su kotrljali²
	imperfect	kotrljah	kotrljaše	kotrljaše	kotrljasmo	kotrljaste	kotrljahu
conditional	conditional I	kotrljao bih²	kotrljao bi²	kotrljao bi²	kotrljali bismo²	kotrljali biste²	kotrljali bi²
conditional	conditional II⁴	bȉo bih kotrljao²	bȉo bi kotrljao²	bȉo bi kotrljao²	bíli bismo kotrljali²	bíli biste kotrljali²	bíli bi kotrljali²
imperative		—	kotrljaj	—	kotrljajmo	kotrljajte	—
active past participle		kotrljao m / kotrljala f / kotrljalo n			kotrljali m / kotrljale f / kotrljala n
passive past participle		kotrljan m / kotrljana f / kotrljano n			kotrljani m / kotrljane f / kotrljana n

¹ Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic.
² For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively.
³ Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (“to be”) is routinely dropped.
⁴ Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (“to be”) is routinely dropped.
*Note: The aorist and imperfect were not present in, or have nowadays fallen into disuse in, many dialects and therefore they are routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

Derived terms

dokotr̀ljati
otkotr̀ljati
prokotr̀ljati
skotr̀ljati
zakotr̀ljati

References

^ Matasović, Ranko (2016) “kotr̀ljati”, in Dunja Brozović Rončević, Dubravka Ivšić Majić, Tijmen Pronk, editors, Etimološki rječnik hrvatskoga jezika [Etymological dictionary of the Croatian language] (in Serbo-Croatian), volumes I: A—Nj, Zagreb: Institut za hrvatski jezik i jezikoslovlje, page 489

[1] Matasović, Ranko (2016) “kotr̀ljati”, in Dunja Brozović Rončević, Dubravka Ivšić Majić, Tijmen Pronk, editors, Etimološki rječnik hrvatskoga jezika [Etymological dictionary of the Croatian language] (in Serbo-Croatian), volumes I: A—Nj, Zagreb: Institut za hrvatski jezik i jezikoslovlje, page 489

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