Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kurja (compare Estonian kuri (“bad, evil”)), of unclear further origin.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkurjɑ/, [ˈkurjɑ̝]
- Rhymes: -urjɑ
- Syllabification(key): kur‧ja
- Hyphenation(key): kur‧ja
Adjective
kurja (comparative kurjempi, superlative kurjin)
- poor, miserable, bad, abysmal
- miserable, wretched, pitiful, paltry
- wretched, dastardly, contemptible, ignoble
Declension
| Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives.
|
| first-person singular possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
kurjani
|
kurjani
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
kurjani
|
kurjani
|
| gen.
|
kurjani
|
| genitive
|
kurjani
|
kurjieni
kurjaini rare
|
| partitive
|
kurjaani
|
kurjiani
|
| inessive
|
kurjassani
|
kurjissani
|
| elative
|
kurjastani
|
kurjistani
|
| illative
|
kurjaani
|
kurjiini
|
| adessive
|
kurjallani
|
kurjillani
|
| ablative
|
kurjaltani
|
kurjiltani
|
| allative
|
kurjalleni
|
kurjilleni
|
| essive
|
kurjanani
|
kurjinani
|
| translative
|
kurjakseni
|
kurjikseni
|
| abessive
|
kurjattani
|
kurjittani
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
kurjineni
|
| second-person singular possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
kurjasi
|
kurjasi
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
kurjasi
|
kurjasi
|
| gen.
|
kurjasi
|
| genitive
|
kurjasi
|
kurjiesi
kurjaisi rare
|
| partitive
|
kurjaasi
|
kurjiasi
|
| inessive
|
kurjassasi
|
kurjissasi
|
| elative
|
kurjastasi
|
kurjistasi
|
| illative
|
kurjaasi
|
kurjiisi
|
| adessive
|
kurjallasi
|
kurjillasi
|
| ablative
|
kurjaltasi
|
kurjiltasi
|
| allative
|
kurjallesi
|
kurjillesi
|
| essive
|
kurjanasi
|
kurjinasi
|
| translative
|
kurjaksesi
|
kurjiksesi
|
| abessive
|
kurjattasi
|
kurjittasi
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
kurjinesi
|
| first-person plural possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
kurjamme
|
kurjamme
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
kurjamme
|
kurjamme
|
| gen.
|
kurjamme
|
| genitive
|
kurjamme
|
kurjiemme
kurjaimme rare
|
| partitive
|
kurjaamme
|
kurjiamme
|
| inessive
|
kurjassamme
|
kurjissamme
|
| elative
|
kurjastamme
|
kurjistamme
|
| illative
|
kurjaamme
|
kurjiimme
|
| adessive
|
kurjallamme
|
kurjillamme
|
| ablative
|
kurjaltamme
|
kurjiltamme
|
| allative
|
kurjallemme
|
kurjillemme
|
| essive
|
kurjanamme
|
kurjinamme
|
| translative
|
kurjaksemme
|
kurjiksemme
|
| abessive
|
kurjattamme
|
kurjittamme
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
kurjinemme
|
| second-person plural possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
kurjanne
|
kurjanne
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
kurjanne
|
kurjanne
|
| gen.
|
kurjanne
|
| genitive
|
kurjanne
|
kurjienne
kurjainne rare
|
| partitive
|
kurjaanne
|
kurjianne
|
| inessive
|
kurjassanne
|
kurjissanne
|
| elative
|
kurjastanne
|
kurjistanne
|
| illative
|
kurjaanne
|
kurjiinne
|
| adessive
|
kurjallanne
|
kurjillanne
|
| ablative
|
kurjaltanne
|
kurjiltanne
|
| allative
|
kurjallenne
|
kurjillenne
|
| essive
|
kurjananne
|
kurjinanne
|
| translative
|
kurjaksenne
|
kurjiksenne
|
| abessive
|
kurjattanne
|
kurjittanne
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
kurjinenne
|
| third-person possessor
|
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
kurjansa
|
kurjansa
|
| accusative
|
nom.
|
kurjansa
|
kurjansa
|
| gen.
|
kurjansa
|
| genitive
|
kurjansa
|
kurjiensa
kurjainsa rare
|
| partitive
|
kurjaansa
|
kurjiaan
kurjiansa
|
| inessive
|
kurjassaan
kurjassansa
|
kurjissaan
kurjissansa
|
| elative
|
kurjastaan
kurjastansa
|
kurjistaan
kurjistansa
|
| illative
|
kurjaansa
|
kurjiinsa
|
| adessive
|
kurjallaan
kurjallansa
|
kurjillaan
kurjillansa
|
| ablative
|
kurjaltaan
kurjaltansa
|
kurjiltaan
kurjiltansa
|
| allative
|
kurjalleen
kurjallensa
|
kurjilleen
kurjillensa
|
| essive
|
kurjanaan
kurjanansa
|
kurjinaan
kurjinansa
|
| translative
|
kurjakseen
kurjaksensa
|
kurjikseen
kurjiksensa
|
| abessive
|
kurjattaan
kurjattansa
|
kurjittaan
kurjittansa
|
| instructive
|
—
|
—
|
| comitative
|
— |
kurjineen
kurjinensa
|
|
Derived terms
Further reading
Anagrams
Ingrian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kurja. Cognates include Finnish kurja and Estonian kuri.
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈkurjɑ/, [ˈkuri]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈkurjɑ/, [ˈkurjɑ]
- Rhymes: -urj, -urjɑ
- Hyphenation: kur‧ja
Adjective
kurja (comparative kurjemp)
- bad (of bad quality)
- kurja ilma ― bad weather
1936, L. G. Terehova, V. G. Erdeli, translated by P. I. Maksimov and N. A. Iljin, Geografia: oppikirja iƶoroin alkușkoulun neljättä klaassaa vart (toine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 38:No talohukset heil olliit kurjat ja höö tihtii näkkiit nälkää.- But their businesses were bad and they often faced hunger.
1937, N. A. Iljin, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (kolmas osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 49:Kurja elo hänel ono —
Kaikkia pittää hervitä:- A bad life he has ―
He has to fear everyone:
Declension
|
|
singular
|
plural
|
| nominative
|
kurja
|
kurjat
|
| genitive
|
kurjan
|
kurjiin
|
| partitive
|
kurjaa
|
kurjia
|
| illative
|
kurjaa
|
kurjii
|
| inessive
|
kurjaas
|
kurjiis
|
| elative
|
kurjast
|
kurjist
|
| allative
|
kurjalle
|
kurjille
|
| adessive
|
kurjaal
|
kurjiil
|
| ablative
|
kurjalt
|
kurjilt
|
| translative
|
kurjaks
|
kurjiks
|
| essive
|
kurjanna, kurjaan
|
kurjinna, kurjiin
|
| exessive1)
|
kurjant
|
kurjint
|
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.
|
Synonyms
See also
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 222