leth
Cornish
Etymology
From Middle Cornish laez, from Old Cornish lait, from Proto-Brythonic *llaɨθ, borrowed from Latin lac. Cognate with Breton laezh and Welsh llaeth.
Noun
leth m (plural lethow)
Derived terms
- amethyans leth (“dairy farming”)
- boos leth (“milk based food”)
- bugh leth (“milk cow”)
- gwerther leth (“milkman”)
- gweryn leth (“milk churn”)
- kanna leth (“milk churn”)
- kert leth (“milk lorry, milk float”)
- leth didhehen (“skimmed milk”)
- leth gluthys (“condensed milk”)
- leth kowlys (“curdled milk”)
- leth kreftus (“formula milk”)
- leth kriv (“raw milk”)
- lethek (“dairy, milky”)
- leti (“dairy (farm)”)
Middle English
Noun
leth (leþes)
- alternative form of lyth
Old Irish
Etymology
From Primitive Irish *ᚂᚓᚈᚐᚄ (*letas), from Proto-Celtic *letos, perhaps cognate with Latin latus (“side”), or from Proto-Celtic *ɸletos.[1]
Celtic cognates include Welsh lled (“breadth, width, half”), Middle Breton let, led (“large”), and Cornish les.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /l͈ʲeθ/
Noun
leth n (genitive leith or leithe, nominative plural leth or leithe)
- half
- c. 700, Glosses in the Computus Einsidlensis, published in "The early Old Irish material in the newly discovered Computus Einsidlensis (c. AD 700)", Ériu 58 (2008, Royal Irish Academy), edited and with translations by Jacopo Bisagni and Immo Warntjes
- maá triun, laigu leut
- [5/12 is] greater than one third, smaller than one half.
- c. 700, Glosses in the Computus Einsidlensis, published in "The early Old Irish material in the newly discovered Computus Einsidlensis (c. AD 700)", Ériu 58 (2008, Royal Irish Academy), edited and with translations by Jacopo Bisagni and Immo Warntjes
- direction
- side
Declension
Especially in meaning "half":
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | lethN | lethN | lethL |
| vocative | lethN | lethN | lethL |
| accusative | lethN | lethN | lethL |
| genitive | leithL | leth | lethN |
| dative | leuthL | lethaib | lethaib |
- H = triggers aspiration
- L = triggers lenition
- N = triggers nasalization
Especially in meaning "side":
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | lethN | lethN | leitheL |
| vocative | lethN | lethN | leitheL |
| accusative | lethN | lethN | leitheL |
| genitive | leitheL | leithe | leitheN |
| dative | leithL | leithib | leithib |
- H = triggers aspiration
- L = triggers lenition
- N = triggers nasalization
Descendants
Mutation
| radical | lenition | nasalization |
|---|---|---|
| leth also lleth in h-prothesis environments |
leth pronounced with /lʲ-/ |
leth also lleth |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
References
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*letos”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 238-239
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “leth”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Old Saxon
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *laiþ.
Noun
lēth n
- an evil person or thing
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | lēth | lēth |
| accusative | lēth | lēth |
| genitive | lēthes | lēthō |
| dative | lēthe | lēthun |
| instrumental | — | — |
Descendants
Scottish Gaelic
Etymology
From Old Irish leth, from Proto-Celtic *letos, perhaps cognate with Latin latus (“side”), or from Proto-Celtic *ɸletos.[1]
Celtic cognates include Welsh lled (“breadth, width, half”), Middle Breton let, led (“large”), and Cornish les.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʎe(h)/
Numeral
leth
Derived terms
Related terms
References
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*letos”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 238-239
Further reading
- Edward Dwelly (1911) “leth”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary][1], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “leth”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Yola
Etymology
From Middle English leten, from Old English lǣtan, from Proto-West Germanic *lātan.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /lɛt̪/
Verb
leth
- let
- 1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:
- Leth it be; Leth aam.
- Let it be; Let them.
References
- Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 53