liþen

Middle English

Alternative forms

  • liðen, liððen

Etymology

From Old English līþan (“to go, travel, sail, be bereft of”), from Proto-West Germanic *līþan, from Proto-Germanic *līþaną (“to go, leave, suffer”), from Proto-Indo-European *leyt- (“to go, depart, die”).

Cognate with North Frisian lyen, lije (“to suffer”), Dutch lijden (“to suffer, dree, abide”), German leiden (“to suffer, brook, permit”). See also lode, lead.

Verb

liþen

  1. (intransitive, Early Middle English, of a ship) to sail, travel by sea
  2. (intransitive, Early Middle English) to journey, travel, depart
  3. (intransitive, Early Middle English) to go, come, walk
  4. (intransitive, Early Middle English, of projectiles) to fly
  5. (intransitive, Early Middle English, of love) to come about, develop, exist

Conjugation

strong
Conjugation of liþen (strong class 1)
infinitive (to) liþen, liþe
present tense past tense
1st-person singular liþe liþ
2nd-person singular liþest laþe, liþ
3rd-person singular liþeth liþ
subjunctive singular liþe laþe1
imperative singular —
plural2 liþen, liþe laþen, laþe
imperative plural liþeth, liþe —
participles liþynge, liþende liþen, liþe, yliþen, yliþe

1 Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English.
2 Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

weak
Conjugation of liþen (weak in -ed)
infinitive (to) liþen, liþe
present tense past tense
1st-person singular liþe liþed
2nd-person singular liþest liþedest
3rd-person singular liþeth liþed
subjunctive singular liþe
imperative singular —
plural1 liþen, liþe liþeden, liþede
imperative plural liþeth, liþe —
participles liþynge, liþende liþed, yliþed

1 Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

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