Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/līþaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *leyt- (“to go, depart, die”). Cognate with Tocharian A litā- (“to pass on”), Avestan 𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬚𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (iriθiieiti, “to die, pass away”), Ancient Greek λοίτη (loítē, “tomb”), Latin lītus (“shore, beach”).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈliː.θɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*līþaną[1][2]

  1. to go; pass
  2. to go through

Inflection

Conjugation of (strong class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *līþō *līþaų — *līþai ?
2nd singular *līþizi *līþaiz *līþ *līþazai *līþaizau
3rd singular *līþidi *līþai *līþadau *līþadai *līþaidau
1st dual *līþōz *līþaiw — — —
2nd dual *līþadiz *līþaidiz *līþadiz — —
1st plural *līþamaz *līþaim — *līþandai *līþaindau
2nd plural *līþid *līþaid *līþid *līþandai *līþaindau
3rd plural *līþandi *līþain *līþandau *līþandai *līþaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *laiþ *lidį̄
2nd singular *laist *lidīz
3rd singular *laiþ *lidī
1st dual *lidū *lidīw
2nd dual *lidudiz *lidīdiz
1st plural *lidum *lidīm
2nd plural *lidud *lidīd
3rd plural *lidun *lidīn
present past
participles *līþandz *lidanaz

Derived terms

Descendants

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*līþan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 340
  2. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003) “*līþanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 248
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