lumbus
English
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Latin lumbus. Doublet of loin.
Noun
lumbus (plural lumbi)
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ- (“to enter, penetrate, expand”), cognate with Old English lynd (“fat, grease”), lendenu (“loins”), Proto-Slavic *lędvьje (“loins”), Sanskrit रन्ध्र (rándhra, “fissure”). The expected outcome of *-ndʰ- in Latin is /-nd-/: the /b/ can be explained as a secondary development from /dw/ (as in bonus) in a form *londwo-,[1] which De Vaan derives from the u-stem *lendʰu-.[2] Sihler instead suggests that the /b/ can be explained by borrowing from Oscan-Umbrian.[3] Alternatively, borrowing from Proto-Germanic *lundwuz (“loin, kidney fat”) is also a possibility.[4]
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈɫʊm.bʊs]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈlum.bus]
Noun
lumbus m (genitive lumbī); second declension
- (anatomy) loin
- (Late Latin) lumbar
- (in the plural) genitals
Declension
Second-declension noun.
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | lumbus | lumbī |
| genitive | lumbī | lumbōrum |
| dative | lumbō | lumbīs |
| accusative | lumbum | lumbōs |
| ablative | lumbō | lumbīs |
| vocative | lumbe | lumbī |
Descendants
References
- ^ Parker, Holt Neumon (1988) The relative chronology of some major Latin sound changes, page 294
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “lumbus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 352
- ^ Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 141
- ^ Douglas Harper (2001–2025) “loin”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
- ^ Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “*lŭmbeus”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 5: J L, page 442
Further reading
- “lumbus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “lumbus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- "lumbus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- lumbus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.