manganese

• manganesium, manganesum (obsolete)

From French manganèse, from Italian manganese, by alteration from Latin magnesia (“magnesia”), from Ancient Greek μαγνησία (magnēsía), after Μαγνησία (Magnēsía, “Magnesia”). Doublet of Magnesia, magnesia, and magnesium; more at magnet.

• (US) enPR: măngʹgə-nēz', -nēs'; IPA^(key): /ˈmæŋ.ɡəˌniz/, /ˈmæŋ.ɡəˌnis/

• Audio (Southern England):

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• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈmæŋ.ɡəˌniːz/

• Audio (General American):

  (file)

• Hyphenation: man‧ga‧nese

manganese (countable and uncountable, plural manganeses)

2. (uncountable) A metallic chemical element (symbol Mn) with an atomic number of 25, not a free element in nature but often found in minerals in combination with iron, and useful in industrial alloy production.
   • 2013 September-October, Katie L. Burke, “In the News”, in American Scientist‎^[1], archived from the original on 27 June 2015:

     Oxygen levels on Earth skyrocketed 2.4 billion years ago, when cyanobacteria evolved photosynthesis: […] . The evolutionary precursor of photosynthesis is still under debate, and a new study sheds light. The critical component of the photosynthetic system is the “water-oxidizing complex”, made up of manganese atoms and a calcium atom.

   • 2014 April 21, “Subtle effects”, in The Economist‎^[2], volume 411, number 8884, archived from the original on 20 January 2021:

     For the past ten years Brad Racette, a neurologist at Washington University in St Louis, Missouri, has been tracking those effects, paying special attention to welders, since they are exposed to more manganese than most people. Being harder than iron, manganese is often used to strengthen steel and is present in many industrial emissions, including welding fumes.

3. (countable) A single atom of this element.

• → Welsh: manganîs

• manganese on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Alteration of Medieval Latin magnēsia.

• IPA^(key): /man.ɡaˈne.ze/, (traditional) /man.ɡaˈne.se/
• Rhymes: -eze, (traditional) -ese
• Hyphenation: man‧ga‧né‧se

manganese m (plural manganesi)

1. (chemistry) manganese

• → French: manganèse
  • → English: manganese, manganesium, manganesum (obsolete)
    • → Welsh: manganîs