moch

See also: Moch, mốch, and moc'h

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish moch (“early”), from Proto-Brythonic *mox (“soon, early”), from Proto-Celtic *moxs, from Proto-Indo-European *moḱs

Pronunciation

Adjective

moch (genitive singular masculine moch, genitive singular feminine moiche, plural mocha, comparative moiche)

  1. early
    Synonym: luath

Declension

Declension of moch
Positive singular plural
masculine feminine strong noun weak noun
nominative moch mhoch mocha;
mhocha2
vocative mhoch mocha
genitive moiche mocha moch
dative moch;
mhoch1 		mhoch mocha;
mhocha2
Comparative níos moiche
Superlative is moiche

1 When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
2 When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Derived terms

  • dea-mhoch (“good and early”)
  • mochánach (“early riser”)
  • mochdháil (“early morning”)
  • mochdhúnadh (“early closing”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of moch
radical lenition eclipsis
moch mhoch not applicable

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 29
  2. ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 86
  3. ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 87

Further reading

Old Irish

Etymology

Borrowed from Proto-Brythonic *mox (“soon, early”), from Proto-Celtic *moxs, from Proto-Indo-European *moḱs, whence also Sanskrit मक्षू (makṣū, “fast; early”), Avestan 𐬨𐬊𐬱𐬎 (mošu, “soon, quickly”), Latin mox (“soon”). Doublet of mos.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [mox]

Adjective

moch

  1. early

Declension

o/ā-stem
singular masculine feminine neuter
nominative moch moch moch
vocative muich*
moch**
accusative moch muich
genitive muich muiche muich
dative much muich much
plural masculine feminine/neuter
nominative muich mocha
vocative muchu
mocha†
accusative muchu
mocha†
genitive moch
dative mochaib

*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative
**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative
† not when substantivized

  • mos (“soon”)

Descendants

  • Irish: moch
  • Manx: mogh
  • Scottish Gaelic: moch

Adverb

moch

  1. early, betimes

Mutation

Mutation of moch
radical lenition nasalization
moch
also mmoch in h-prothesis environments		 moch
pronounced with /β̃-/		 moch
also mmoch

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

Polish

Etymology

Clipping of Moskal + -ch.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈmɔx/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɔx
  • Syllabification: moch

Noun

moch m pers

  1. (slang) Russian person

Declension

Declension of moch
singular plural
nominative moch mochy
genitive mocha mochów
dative mochowi mochom
accusative mocha mochów
instrumental mochem mochami
locative mochu mochach
vocative mochu mochy

References

  1. ^ Stankiewicz, Edward (1986) The Slavic Languages: Unity in Diversity‎[1], page 263

Further reading

  • moch in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish moch (“early”), from Proto-Brythonic *mox (“soon, early”), from Proto-Celtic *moxs, from Proto-Indo-European *moḱs

Pronunciation

Adjective

moch

  1. early

Derived terms

Adverb

moch

  1. early, betimes, soon

Mutation

Mutation of moch
radical lenition
moch mhoch

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Oftedal, M. (1956) A linguistic survey of the Gaelic dialects of Scotland, Vol. III: The Gaelic of Leurbost, Isle of Lewis, Oslo: Norsk Tidsskrift for Sprogvidenskap
  2. ^ John MacPherson (1945) The Gaelic dialect of North Uist (Thesis)‎[2], Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh, page 85

Further reading

  • Edward Dwelly (1911) “moch”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎[3], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
  • Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “moch”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Upper Sorbian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mъ̀xъ, *mъ̏xъ.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈmɔx/
  • Rhymes: -ɔx
  • Hyphenation: moch
  • Syllabification: moch

Noun

moch m inan (diminutive móšk)

  1. (botany) moss

Declension

Declension of moch (masculine velar stem)
singular dual plural
nominative moch mochaj mochi
genitive mocha mochow mochow
dative mochej mochomaj mocham
accusative moch mochaj mochi
instrumental mochom mochomaj mochami
locative mochu, moše mochomaj mochach
vocative mocho mochaj mochi

Derived terms

adjectives
  • mochaty
  • mochojty
  • mochowy
nouns
  • mochojćina f
  • mochowina f
  • mochowišćo n
  • mochownička f
  • móšk m inan
verbs
  • mochojćić impf

References

  • “moch” in Soblex

Welsh

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /moːχ/
  • Rhymes: -oːχ

Etymology 1

From Proto-Brythonic *mox (“pig”), from Proto-Celtic *mokkus.

Noun

moch m (collective, singulative mochyn)

  1. pigs, swine, hogs
    1. (figuratively) greedy, dirty, lazy, drunk, or immoral persons
  2. (mining) small pumps used underground in coal mines to remove water
  3. crushers (in quarrying)
  4. ridging-ploughs
  5. segments (of orange, etc.)
    Synonyms: rhannau, ewinedd, sugennau
Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Middle Welsh moch, from Proto-Brythonic *mox (“early, soon”), from Proto-Celtic *moxs, from Proto-Indo-European *moḱs, whence also Sanskrit मक्षू (makṣū, “fast; early”), Avestan 𐬨𐬊𐬱𐬎 (mošu, “soon, quickly”), Latin mox (“soon”).

Adverb

moch

  1. (obsolete) soon, early

Mutation

Mutated forms of moch
radical soft nasal aspirate
moch foch unchanged unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Etymology 3

Noun

moch

  1. nasal mutation of boch (“cheek”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of boch
radical soft nasal aspirate
boch foch moch unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “moch”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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