Navajo
Etymology
na- (atelic, circuital) + ∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -l- (classifier) + -dzil (continuative imperfective stem of root -DZIL, “to strain”).
Verb
naaldzil
- he/she/it strains, puts a continuous effort (as in pulling or lifting a heavy object)
Conjugation
Paradigm: Continuative (∅/si).
| imperfective
|
singular
|
duoplural
|
plural
|
| 1st person
|
naasdzil
|
neiildzil
|
ndeiildzil
|
| 2nd person
|
nanildzil
|
naałdzil
|
ndaałdzil
|
| 3rd person
|
naaldzil
|
ndaaldzil
|
| 4th person
|
njildzil
|
ndajildzil
|
| perfective
|
singular
|
duoplural
|
plural
|
| 1st person
|
nisisdzil
|
nisiildzil
|
ndasiildzil
|
| 2nd person
|
nisíníldzil
|
nisoołdzil
|
ndasoołdzil
|
| 3rd person
|
naasdzil
|
ndaasdzil
|
| 4th person
|
njisdzil
|
ndajisdzil
|
| future
|
singular
|
duoplural
|
plural
|
| 1st person
|
ndeesdził
|
ndiildził
|
ndadiildził
|
| 2nd person
|
ndííldził
|
ndoołdził
|
ndadoołdził
|
| 3rd person
|
ndooldził
|
ndadooldził
|
| 4th person
|
nizhdooldził
|
ndazhdooldził
|
Verbal stems
- IMPERFECTIVE: -dzil
- PERFECTIVE: -dzil
- FUTURE: -dził
- ITERATIVE: -dził
- OPTATIVE: -dzil