nhemim

Old Tupi

Alternative forms

îemim

Etymology

From nhe- (reflexive voice prefix) +‎ mim (“to hide, to conceal”).

Cognate with Guaraní ñemi.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ɲɛ̃ˈmĩm]
Rhymes: -ĩm
Hyphenation: nhe‧mim

Verb

nhemim (first-person singular active indicative anhemim, first-person singular negative active indicative n'anhemimi, noun nhemima) (intransitive)

to hide oneself
- 1622, anonymous author, “Esconder-se”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica, volume 1 (overall work in Old Tupi and Portuguese), Piratininga, page 123; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, São Paulo: USP, 1953:
  Anhemim.
  [Anhemim.]
  I hide myself.

Conjugation

Conjugation of nhemim (intransitive, consonant ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi verbs)

Note: not all forms are attested, most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.

Deverbals
Causative	monhemim
Causative-comitative	eronhemim
-ba'e	onhemimyba'e
-sab(a)	nhemimbaba
-sar(a)	nhemimbara
	Singular		Singular & Plural	Plural
	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person exclusive	1^st person inclusive	2^nd person
Verbal forms
Active
Indicative	anhemim	erenhemim	onhemim	oronhemim	îanhemim	penhemim
Permissive	t'anhemim	t'erenhemim	t'onhemim	t'oronhemim	t'îanhemim	ta penhemim
Imperative		enhemim				penhemim
Negative indicative	n'anhemimi	n'erenhemimi	n'onhemimi	n'oronhemimi	n'îanhemimi	na penhemimi
Negative permissive	t'anhemim umẽ	t'erenhemim umẽ	t'onhemim umẽ	t'oronhemim umẽ	t'îanhemim umẽ	ta penhemim umẽ
Negative imperative		enhemim umẽ				penhemim umẽ
Gerund
Affirmative	gûinhemima	enhemima	onhemima	oronhemima	îanhemima	penhemima
Negative	gûinhemime'yma	enhemime'yma	onhemime'yma	oronhemime'yma	îanhemime'yma	penhemime'yma
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative	nhemima
Negative	nhemime'yma
Circumstantial
Affirmative	xe nhemimi		i nhemimi	oré nhemimi	îandé nhemimi
Negative	xe nhemime'ymi		i nhemime'ymi	oré nhemime'ymi	îandé nhemime'ymi

Adjective

nhemim (noun form nhemima)

hidden, concealed

Declension

Declension of nhemim (consonant ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi adjectives)

Note: not all forms are attested, most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.

Deadjectivals
Causative	monhemím
-ba'e	i nhemimyba'e
-sab(a)	nhemimbaba
	Singular		Singular & Plural	Plural
	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person exclusive	1^st person inclusive	2^nd person
Adjectival forms
Active
Indicative	xe nhemim	nde nhemim	i nhemim	oré nhemim	îandé nhemim	pe nhemim
Imperative		nde nhemim				pe nhemim
Permissive	ta xe nhemim	ta nde nhemim	t'i nhemim	t'oré nhemim	t'îandé nhemim	ta pe nhemim
Negative indicative	na xe nhemimi	na nde nhemimi	n'i nhemimi	n'oré nhemimi	n'îandé nhemimi	na pe nhemimi
Negative imperative		nde nhemim umẽ				pe nhemim umẽ
Negative permissive	ta xe nhemim umẽ	ta nde nhemim umẽ	t'i nhemim umẽ	t'oré nhemim umẽ	t'îandé nhemim umẽ	ta pe nhemim umẽ
Gerund
Affirmative	xe nhemimamo	nde nhemimamo	o nhemimamo	oré nhemimamo	îandé nhemimamo	pe nhemimamo
Negative	xe nhemime'ymamo	nde nhemime'ymamo	o nhemime'ymamo	oré nhemime'ymamo	îandé nhemime'ymamo	pe nhemime'ymamo
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative	nhemima
Negative	nhemime'yma
Circumstantial
Affirmative	same as gerund¹
Affirmative	xe nhemimi²		i nhemimi²	oré nhemimi²	îandé nhemimi²
Negative	same as gerund¹
Negative	xe nhemime'ymi²		i nhemime'ymi²	oré nhemime'ymi²	îandé nhemime'ymi²
¹South Tupi ²North Tupi

Adverb

nhemim

secretly, covertly, furtively
Synonym: nhemimîõte
- 1622, anonymous author, “Secretamente. aduerb.”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica, volume 2 (overall work in Old Tupi and Portuguese), Piratininga, page 114; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, São Paulo: USP, 1953:
  Araçonhemim
  [Arasonhemim.]
  I took it along secretly.
- 1622, anonymous author, “Encuberta ou ocultamente aduerb.”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica, volume 1 (overall work in Old Tupi and Portuguese), Piratininga, page 115; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, São Paulo: USP, 1953:
  Araço nhemim.
  [Arasonhemim.]
  I took it along furtively.

References

Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “nhemim”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 339, column 2
Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “nhemima”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 339, column 2