oidid

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *audīti (“to grant, bestow”), cognate to Celtiberian auzeti (3sg. pres./subj.) etc. with drastic remodeling of its paradigm.[1]

  • The verb became univerbated as a B I simple thematic verb.
  • The expected *ó was remodeled to short o after B III verbs like tongaid and as·boind that also appeared in legal contexts. Schumacher presumes that the verb passed through another analogical stage *udeti during this remodeling.
  • The root aorist preterite etc. attested in Celtiberian was discarded and replaced with innovatory forms treating the univerbated (a)ud- as a root:
    • The preterite stem úad- is from *uwoud-, an innovated reduplicated preterite;
    • The future stem ess- is from *i-uts-, with irregular and possibly analogical replacement of the *i with an *e;
    • The subjunctive stem *óss- is from an s-subjunctive *autse/o-. Jordán Cólera thinks Celtiberian auzeti is an asigmatic subjunctive, while Schumacher thinks it is a simple thematic present indicative. If Jordán Cólera is correct, the s-subjunctive is another secondary development.

Pedersen's derivation from *Hyewdʰ- (“moving straight”) and relation to Latin iubeo (“I authorize, make legitimate”) is nowadays met with skepticism, with Willi labelling it as "problematic"[2] and the KPV finding it "semantically not plausible".[1]

Verb

oidid (verbal noun ón or óin)

  1. to lend

Inflection

Simple, class B I present, reduplicated preterite, s future, s subjunctive
active passive
singular plural singular plural
1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
present indicative abs.
conj. ·odar
rel. oides odatar
imperfect indicative
preterite abs.
conj. ·huad ·huaid
rel.
perfect deut.
prot.
future abs.
conj. ·essar
rel.
conditional
present subjunctive abs.
conj. ·ois
rel.
past subjunctive
imperative oid
verbal noun ón, óin
past participle
verbal of necessity

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Schumacher, Stefan, Schulze-Thulin, Britta (2004) Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon [The Celtic Primary Verbs: A comparative, etymological and morphological lexicon] (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 110) (in German), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, →ISBN, pages 728-737
  2. ^ Willi, Andreas. “Varia III. Old Irish (h)Uisse 'Just, Right, Fitting'.” Ériu, vol. 52, 2002, pp. 238–239. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/30008184

Further reading

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