phithizela
Zulu
Etymology
From -phithiza + -ela.
Verb
-phithizela?
Inflection
| positive | negative | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | ukuphithizela | ukungaphithizeli | ||||
| imperative | ||||||
| simple | + object concord | |||||
| singular | phithizela | -phithizele | ||||
| plural | phithizelani | -phithizeleni | ||||
| present | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyaphithizela, ngiphithizela | engiphithizelayo, engiphithizela | ngiphithizela | angiphithizeli | engingaphithizeli | ngingaphithizeli |
| 2nd singular | uyaphithizela, uphithizela | ophithizelayo, ophithizela | uphithizela | awuphithizeli | ongaphithizeli | ungaphithizeli |
| 1st plural | siyaphithizela, siphithizela | esiphithizelayo, esiphithizela | siphithizela | asiphithizeli | esingaphithizeli | singaphithizeli |
| 2nd plural | niyaphithizela, niphithizela | eniphithizelayo, eniphithizela | niphithizela | aniphithizeli | eningaphithizeli | ningaphithizeli |
| class 1 | uyaphithizela, uphithizela | ophithizelayo, ophithizela | ephithizela | akaphithizeli | ongaphithizeli | engaphithizeli |
| class 2 | bayaphithizela, baphithizela | abaphithizelayo, abaphithizela | bephithizela | abaphithizeli | abangaphithizeli | bengaphithizeli |
| class 3 | uyaphithizela, uphithizela | ophithizelayo, ophithizela | uphithizela | awuphithizeli | ongaphithizeli | ungaphithizeli |
| class 4 | iyaphithizela, iphithizela | ephithizelayo, ephithizela | iphithizela | ayiphithizeli | engaphithizeli | ingaphithizeli |
| class 5 | liyaphithizela, liphithizela | eliphithizelayo, eliphithizela | liphithizela | aliphithizeli | elingaphithizeli | lingaphithizeli |
| class 6 | ayaphithizela, aphithizela | aphithizelayo, aphithizela | ephithizela | awaphithizeli | angaphithizeli | engaphithizeli |
| class 7 | siyaphithizela, siphithizela | esiphithizelayo, esiphithizela | siphithizela | asiphithizeli | esingaphithizeli | singaphithizeli |
| class 8 | ziyaphithizela, ziphithizela | eziphithizelayo, eziphithizela | ziphithizela | aziphithizeli | ezingaphithizeli | zingaphithizeli |
| class 9 | iyaphithizela, iphithizela | ephithizelayo, ephithizela | iphithizela | ayiphithizeli | engaphithizeli | ingaphithizeli |
| class 10 | ziyaphithizela, ziphithizela | eziphithizelayo, eziphithizela | ziphithizela | aziphithizeli | ezingaphithizeli | zingaphithizeli |
| class 11 | luyaphithizela, luphithizela | oluphithizelayo, oluphithizela | luphithizela | aluphithizeli | olungaphithizeli | lungaphithizeli |
| class 14 | buyaphithizela, buphithizela | obuphithizelayo, obuphithizela | buphithizela | abuphithizeli | obungaphithizeli | bungaphithizeli |
| class 15 | kuyaphithizela, kuphithizela | okuphithizelayo, okuphithizela | kuphithizela | akuphithizeli | okungaphithizeli | kungaphithizeli |
| class 17 | kuyaphithizela, kuphithizela | okuphithizelayo, okuphithizela | kuphithizela | akuphithizeli | okungaphithizeli | kungaphithizeli |
| recent past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiphithizelile, ngiphithizelē | engiphithizelile, engiphithizelē | ngiphithizelile, ngiphithizelē | angiphithizelanga | engingaphithizelanga | ngingaphithizelanga |
| 2nd singular | uphithizelile, uphithizelē | ophithizelile, ophithizelē | uphithizelile, uphithizelē | awuphithizelanga | ongaphithizelanga | ungaphithizelanga |
| 1st plural | siphithizelile, siphithizelē | esiphithizelile, esiphithizelē | siphithizelile, siphithizelē | asiphithizelanga | esingaphithizelanga | singaphithizelanga |
| 2nd plural | niphithizelile, niphithizelē | eniphithizelile, eniphithizelē | niphithizelile, niphithizelē | aniphithizelanga | eningaphithizelanga | ningaphithizelanga |
| class 1 | uphithizelile, uphithizelē | ophithizelile, ophithizelē | ephithizelile, ephithizelē | akaphithizelanga | ongaphithizelanga | engaphithizelanga |
| class 2 | baphithizelile, baphithizelē | abaphithizelile, abaphithizelē | bephithizelile, bephithizelē | abaphithizelanga | abangaphithizelanga | bengaphithizelanga |
| class 3 | uphithizelile, uphithizelē | ophithizelile, ophithizelē | uphithizelile, uphithizelē | awuphithizelanga | ongaphithizelanga | ungaphithizelanga |
| class 4 | iphithizelile, iphithizelē | ephithizelile, ephithizelē | iphithizelile, iphithizelē | ayiphithizelanga | engaphithizelanga | ingaphithizelanga |
| class 5 | liphithizelile, liphithizelē | eliphithizelile, eliphithizelē | liphithizelile, liphithizelē | aliphithizelanga | elingaphithizelanga | lingaphithizelanga |
| class 6 | aphithizelile, aphithizelē | aphithizelile, aphithizelē | ephithizelile, ephithizelē | awaphithizelanga | angaphithizelanga | engaphithizelanga |
| class 7 | siphithizelile, siphithizelē | esiphithizelile, esiphithizelē | siphithizelile, siphithizelē | asiphithizelanga | esingaphithizelanga | singaphithizelanga |
| class 8 | ziphithizelile, ziphithizelē | eziphithizelile, eziphithizelē | ziphithizelile, ziphithizelē | aziphithizelanga | ezingaphithizelanga | zingaphithizelanga |
| class 9 | iphithizelile, iphithizelē | ephithizelile, ephithizelē | iphithizelile, iphithizelē | ayiphithizelanga | engaphithizelanga | ingaphithizelanga |
| class 10 | ziphithizelile, ziphithizelē | eziphithizelile, eziphithizelē | ziphithizelile, ziphithizelē | aziphithizelanga | ezingaphithizelanga | zingaphithizelanga |
| class 11 | luphithizelile, luphithizelē | oluphithizelile, oluphithizelē | luphithizelile, luphithizelē | aluphithizelanga | olungaphithizelanga | lungaphithizelanga |
| class 14 | buphithizelile, buphithizelē | obuphithizelile, obuphithizelē | buphithizelile, buphithizelē | abuphithizelanga | obungaphithizelanga | bungaphithizelanga |
| class 15 | kuphithizelile, kuphithizelē | okuphithizelile, okuphithizelē | kuphithizelile, kuphithizelē | akuphithizelanga | okungaphithizelanga | kungaphithizelanga |
| class 17 | kuphithizelile, kuphithizelē | okuphithizelile, okuphithizelē | kuphithizelile, kuphithizelē | akuphithizelanga | okungaphithizelanga | kungaphithizelanga |
| remote past | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngāphithizela | engāphithizela | ngāphithizela | angiphithizelanga | engingaphithizelanga | ngingaphithizelanga |
| 2nd singular | wāphithizela | owāphithizela | wāphithizela | awuphithizelanga | ongaphithizelanga | ungaphithizelanga |
| 1st plural | sāphithizela | esāphithizela | sāphithizela | asiphithizelanga | esingaphithizelanga | singaphithizelanga |
| 2nd plural | nāphithizela | enāphithizela | nāphithizela | aniphithizelanga | eningaphithizelanga | ningaphithizelanga |
| class 1 | wāphithizela | owāphithizela | āphithizela | akaphithizelanga | ongaphithizelanga | engaphithizelanga |
| class 2 | bāphithizela | abāphithizela | bāphithizela | abaphithizelanga | abangaphithizelanga | bengaphithizelanga |
| class 3 | wāphithizela | owāphithizela | wāphithizela | awuphithizelanga | ongaphithizelanga | ungaphithizelanga |
| class 4 | yāphithizela | eyāphithizela | yāphithizela | ayiphithizelanga | engaphithizelanga | ingaphithizelanga |
| class 5 | lāphithizela | elāphithizela | lāphithizela | aliphithizelanga | elingaphithizelanga | lingaphithizelanga |
| class 6 | āphithizela | āphithizela | āphithizela | awaphithizelanga | angaphithizelanga | engaphithizelanga |
| class 7 | sāphithizela | esāphithizela | sāphithizela | asiphithizelanga | esingaphithizelanga | singaphithizelanga |
| class 8 | zāphithizela | ezāphithizela | zāphithizela | aziphithizelanga | ezingaphithizelanga | zingaphithizelanga |
| class 9 | yāphithizela | eyāphithizela | yāphithizela | ayiphithizelanga | engaphithizelanga | ingaphithizelanga |
| class 10 | zāphithizela | ezāphithizela | zāphithizela | aziphithizelanga | ezingaphithizelanga | zingaphithizelanga |
| class 11 | lwāphithizela | olwāphithizela | lwāphithizela | aluphithizelanga | olungaphithizelanga | lungaphithizelanga |
| class 14 | bāphithizela | obāphithizela | bāphithizela | abuphithizelanga | obungaphithizelanga | bungaphithizelanga |
| class 15 | kwāphithizela | okwāphithizela | kwāphithizela | akuphithizelanga | okungaphithizelanga | kungaphithizelanga |
| class 17 | kwāphithizela | okwāphithizela | kwāphithizela | akuphithizelanga | okungaphithizelanga | kungaphithizelanga |
| potential | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngingaphithizela | — | ngingaphithizela | ngingephithizele | — | ngingephithizele |
| 2nd singular | ungaphithizela | — | ungaphithizela | ungephithizele | — | ungephithizele |
| 1st plural | singaphithizela | — | singaphithizela | singephithizele | — | singephithizele |
| 2nd plural | ningaphithizela | — | ningaphithizela | ningephithizele | — | ningephithizele |
| class 1 | angaphithizela | — | engaphithizela | angephithizele | — | engephithizele |
| class 2 | bangaphithizela | — | bengaphithizela | bangephithizele | — | bengephithizele |
| class 3 | ungaphithizela | — | ungaphithizela | ungephithizele | — | ungephithizele |
| class 4 | ingaphithizela | — | ingaphithizela | ingephithizele | — | ingephithizele |
| class 5 | lingaphithizela | — | lingaphithizela | lingephithizele | — | lingephithizele |
| class 6 | angaphithizela | — | engaphithizela | angephithizele | — | engephithizele |
| class 7 | singaphithizela | — | singaphithizela | singephithizele | — | singephithizele |
| class 8 | zingaphithizela | — | zingaphithizela | zingephithizele | — | zingephithizele |
| class 9 | ingaphithizela | — | ingaphithizela | ingephithizele | — | ingephithizele |
| class 10 | zingaphithizela | — | zingaphithizela | zingephithizele | — | zingephithizele |
| class 11 | lungaphithizela | — | lungaphithizela | lungephithizele | — | lungephithizele |
| class 14 | bungaphithizela | — | bungaphithizela | bungephithizele | — | bungephithizele |
| class 15 | kungaphithizela | — | kungaphithizela | kungephithizele | — | kungephithizele |
| class 17 | kungaphithizela | — | kungaphithizela | kungephithizele | — | kungephithizele |
| immediate future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngizophithizela | engizophithizela | ngizophithizela | angizuphithizela | engingezuphithizela | ngingezuphithizela |
| 2nd singular | uzophithizela | ozophithizela | uzophithizela | awuzuphithizela | ongezuphithizela | ungezuphithizela |
| 1st plural | sizophithizela | esizophithizela | sizophithizela | asizuphithizela | esingezuphithizela | singezuphithizela |
| 2nd plural | nizophithizela | enizophithizela | nizophithizela | anizuphithizela | eningezuphithizela | ningezuphithizela |
| class 1 | uzophithizela | ozophithizela | ezophithizela | akazuphithizela | ongezuphithizela | engezuphithizela |
| class 2 | bazophithizela | abazophithizela | bezophithizela | abazuphithizela | abangezuphithizela | bengezuphithizela |
| class 3 | uzophithizela | ozophithizela | uzophithizela | awuzuphithizela | ongezuphithizela | ungezuphithizela |
| class 4 | izophithizela | ezophithizela | izophithizela | ayizuphithizela | engezuphithizela | ingezuphithizela |
| class 5 | lizophithizela | elizophithizela | lizophithizela | alizuphithizela | elingezuphithizela | lingezuphithizela |
| class 6 | azophithizela | azophithizela | ezophithizela | awazuphithizela | angezuphithizela | engezuphithizela |
| class 7 | sizophithizela | esizophithizela | sizophithizela | asizuphithizela | esingezuphithizela | singezuphithizela |
| class 8 | zizophithizela | ezizophithizela | zizophithizela | azizuphithizela | ezingezuphithizela | zingezuphithizela |
| class 9 | izophithizela | ezophithizela | izophithizela | ayizuphithizela | engezuphithizela | ingezuphithizela |
| class 10 | zizophithizela | ezizophithizela | zizophithizela | azizuphithizela | ezingezuphithizela | zingezuphithizela |
| class 11 | luzophithizela | oluzophithizela | luzophithizela | aluzuphithizela | olungezuphithizela | lungezuphithizela |
| class 14 | buzophithizela | obuzophithizela | buzophithizela | abuzuphithizela | obungezuphithizela | bungezuphithizela |
| class 15 | kuzophithizela | okuzophithizela | kuzophithizela | akuzuphithizela | okungezuphithizela | kungezuphithizela |
| class 17 | kuzophithizela | okuzophithizela | kuzophithizela | akuzuphithizela | okungezuphithizela | kungezuphithizela |
| remote future | ||||||
| positive absolute | positive relative | positive participial | negative absolute | negative relative | negative participial | |
| 1st singular | ngiyophithizela | engiyophithizela | ngiyophithizela | angiyuphithizela | engingeyuphithizela | ngingeyuphithizela |
| 2nd singular | uyophithizela | oyophithizela | uyophithizela | awuyuphithizela | ongeyuphithizela | ungeyuphithizela |
| 1st plural | siyophithizela | esiyophithizela | siyophithizela | asiyuphithizela | esingeyuphithizela | singeyuphithizela |
| 2nd plural | niyophithizela | eniyophithizela | niyophithizela | aniyuphithizela | eningeyuphithizela | ningeyuphithizela |
| class 1 | uyophithizela | oyophithizela | eyophithizela | akayuphithizela | ongeyuphithizela | engeyuphithizela |
| class 2 | bayophithizela | abayophithizela | beyophithizela | abayuphithizela | abangeyuphithizela | bengeyuphithizela |
| class 3 | uyophithizela | oyophithizela | uyophithizela | awuyuphithizela | ongeyuphithizela | ungeyuphithizela |
| class 4 | iyophithizela | eyophithizela | iyophithizela | ayiyuphithizela | engeyuphithizela | ingeyuphithizela |
| class 5 | liyophithizela | eliyophithizela | liyophithizela | aliyuphithizela | elingeyuphithizela | lingeyuphithizela |
| class 6 | ayophithizela | ayophithizela | eyophithizela | awayuphithizela | angeyuphithizela | engeyuphithizela |
| class 7 | siyophithizela | esiyophithizela | siyophithizela | asiyuphithizela | esingeyuphithizela | singeyuphithizela |
| class 8 | ziyophithizela | eziyophithizela | ziyophithizela | aziyuphithizela | ezingeyuphithizela | zingeyuphithizela |
| class 9 | iyophithizela | eyophithizela | iyophithizela | ayiyuphithizela | engeyuphithizela | ingeyuphithizela |
| class 10 | ziyophithizela | eziyophithizela | ziyophithizela | aziyuphithizela | ezingeyuphithizela | zingeyuphithizela |
| class 11 | luyophithizela | oluyophithizela | luyophithizela | aluyuphithizela | olungeyuphithizela | lungeyuphithizela |
| class 14 | buyophithizela | obuyophithizela | buyophithizela | abuyuphithizela | obungeyuphithizela | bungeyuphithizela |
| class 15 | kuyophithizela | okuyophithizela | kuyophithizela | akuyuphithizela | okungeyuphithizela | kungeyuphithizela |
| class 17 | kuyophithizela | okuyophithizela | kuyophithizela | akuyuphithizela | okungeyuphithizela | kungeyuphithizela |
| present subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngiphithizele | ngingaphithizeli | ||||
| 2nd singular | uphithizele | ungaphithizeli | ||||
| 1st plural | siphithizele | singaphithizeli | ||||
| 2nd plural | niphithizele | ningaphithizeli | ||||
| class 1 | aphithizele | angaphithizeli | ||||
| class 2 | baphithizele | bangaphithizeli | ||||
| class 3 | uphithizele | ungaphithizeli | ||||
| class 4 | iphithizele | ingaphithizeli | ||||
| class 5 | liphithizele | lingaphithizeli | ||||
| class 6 | aphithizele | angaphithizeli | ||||
| class 7 | siphithizele | singaphithizeli | ||||
| class 8 | ziphithizele | zingaphithizeli | ||||
| class 9 | iphithizele | ingaphithizeli | ||||
| class 10 | ziphithizele | zingaphithizeli | ||||
| class 11 | luphithizele | lungaphithizeli | ||||
| class 14 | buphithizele | bungaphithizeli | ||||
| class 15 | kuphithizele | kungaphithizeli | ||||
| class 17 | kuphithizele | kungaphithizeli | ||||
| past subjunctive | ||||||
| positive | negative | |||||
| 1st singular | ngaphithizela | ngangaphithizela, angaphithizela, angangaphithizela | ||||
| 2nd singular | waphithizela | wangaphithizela, awaphithizela, awangaphithizela | ||||
| 1st plural | saphithizela | sangaphithizela, asaphithizela, asangaphithizela | ||||
| 2nd plural | naphithizela | nangaphithizela, anaphithizela, anangaphithizela | ||||
| class 1 | waphithizela | wangaphithizela, akaphithizela, akangaphithizela | ||||
| class 2 | baphithizela | bangaphithizela, abaphithizela, abangaphithizela | ||||
| class 3 | waphithizela | wangaphithizela, awaphithizela, awangaphithizela | ||||
| class 4 | yaphithizela | yangaphithizela, ayaphithizela, ayangaphithizela | ||||
| class 5 | laphithizela | langaphithizela, alaphithizela, alangaphithizela | ||||
| class 6 | aphithizela | angaphithizela, awaphithizela, awangaphithizela | ||||
| class 7 | saphithizela | sangaphithizela, asaphithizela, asangaphithizela | ||||
| class 8 | zaphithizela | zangaphithizela, azaphithizela, azangaphithizela | ||||
| class 9 | yaphithizela | yangaphithizela, ayaphithizela, ayangaphithizela | ||||
| class 10 | zaphithizela | zangaphithizela, azaphithizela, azangaphithizela | ||||
| class 11 | lwaphithizela | lwangaphithizela, alwaphithizela, alwangaphithizela | ||||
| class 14 | baphithizela | bangaphithizela, abaphithizela, abangaphithizela | ||||
| class 15 | kwaphithizela | kwangaphithizela, akwaphithizela, akwangaphithizela | ||||
| class 17 | kwaphithizela | kwangaphithizela, akwaphithizela, akwangaphithizela | ||||
References
- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “phithizela”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “phithizela (3.3.2.9)”