pinjam
Indonesian
Etymology
Inherited from Malay pinjam, from Classical Malay ڤينجم (pinjam), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hinzam, a variant of *həzam, from Proto-Austronesian *Səzam. The initial /p-/ is possibly influenced by the prefix per-.
Pronunciation
- (Standard Indonesian) IPA(key): /ˈpind͡ʒam/ [ˈpiɲ.d͡ʒam]
- Rhymes: -ind͡ʒam
- Syllabification: pin‧jam
Verb
pinjam (active meminjam, passive dipinjam)
- (transitive) to borrow
Derived terms
- peminjam (“borrower”)
- peminjaman (“the act of borrowing, loaning or lending”)
- pinjam-meminjam (“to borrow each other”)
- pinjaman (“something that is borrowed; borrowing, loan”)
- pinjami
- pinjamkan (“to lend”)
- pinjam mengganti
- pinjam pakai
References
- Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*Sezam”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI
Further reading
- “pinjam” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Malay
Etymology
From Classical Malay ڤينجم (pinjam), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hinzam, a variant of *həzam, from Proto-Austronesian *Səzam. Compare Tagalog hirám (“borrowing”). The initial /p-/ is possibly influenced by the prefix per-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpind͡ʒam/ [ˈpiɲ.d͡ʒam]
- Rhymes: -ind͡ʒam, -am
Verb
pinjam (Jawi spelling ڤينجم)
- to borrow
Derived terms
Affixed terms and other derivations
Regular affixed derivations:
- peminjam [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
- peminjaman [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peN- + -an)
- pinjaman [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
- pinjamkan [causative benefactive] (-kan)
- pinjami [causative (locative) benefactive] (-i)
- meminjam [agent focus] (meN-)
- meminjamkan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
- meminjami [agent focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (meN- + -i)
- dipinjam [patient focus] (di-)
- dipinjamkan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)
- dipinjami [patient focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (di- + -i)
- terpinjam [agentless action] (teR-)
Descendants
References
- Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*Sezam”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI
Further reading
- “pinjam” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.