pupuka

Hawaiian

Etymology

Partial reduplication of puka (“hole”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /puˈpu.ka/, [puˈpu.kə], /puːˈpu.ka/, [puːˈpu.kə] (emphatic pronunciation)

Verb

pupuka

  1. (stative) ugly

Usage notes

Due to a common taboo against praising people for fear of attracting the ire of evil spirits or sorcerers, this term is used in traditional Hawaiian to express admiration or in answer to the question pehea ʻoe? ("How are you?"). Context and intonation make it clear which meaning is intended.[1][2]

Derived terms

  • hoʻopupuka (causative)

References

  1. ^ NeSmith, Richard Keao'opuaokalani. "Tūtū's Hawaiian and the emergence of a neo-Hawaiian language. Unpublished thesis, 2002. Page 27.
  2. ^ Pukui, Mary Kawena, Elbert, Samuel H. (1986) “pupuka”, in Hawaiian Dictionary, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press

Further reading

Old Tupi

Etymology

From pupuk +‎ -a.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [puˈpu.ka]
  • Rhymes: -uka
  • Hyphenation: pu‧pu‧ka

Noun

pupuka (possessable, Ib class pluriform, absolute mupuka)

  1. masturbation
  2. pollution
    • 1618, Antônio de Araújo, chapter VII, in Cateciſmo na Lingoa Braſilica [Catechism in the Brazilian Language], Livro Terceiro do Cathecismo, e summa da Doctrina Christam [… ] (overall work in Old Tupi, Portuguese, and Latin), Lisbon: Pedro Crasbeeck, page 72:
      Y pupucbae, coipo oquêra pupe o pupucoera moripa, ycatupenhe temomoã, o pacagoeri pe, eybae.
      [I pupukyba'e, koîpó o kera pupé o pupukûera morypa, ikatupe nhẽ temõ mûã, o pakagûerype, e'iba'e]
      Are you a self-polluter or took delight in your pollution during your sleep, saying "How I wish she was naked!" when you woke up?

References

  1. ^ Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “pupuka”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 411, columns 1–2
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